Ku izina ry’ irihimbano rya “Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu Wa Za Banga”, uyu mugabo yaramamaye bidasanzwe ku buryo bigoye kwibagirana mu mateka y’Isi. Ubusanzwe amazina ye nyakuri yari Joseph-Desire Mobutu. Yabonye izuba kuwa 30 Ukwakira 1930 atabaruka ku wa 7 Ugushyingo 1997 nyuma gato y’imyigaragambyo yamuvanye ku butegetsi.
Mu bya politiki, Mobutu yabaye Umukuru w’igihugu cya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ndetse yanabaye umukuru w’ Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe kuva mu w’1967-1968. Ubuzima bwa Mobutu bwaranzwe n’amateka maremare.
N’ubwo yiyitaga Marshall mu gihe yari ku butegetsi, uyu mugabo yari afite ipeti rya Lieutenant General yahawe na Joseph Kasavubu ubwo yamuzamuraga mu ntera.
Kujya mu gisirikare kwe ntibyavuye mu bushake bwe bwite kuko yakigiyemo nk’igihano yari ahawe kubera amakosa yari yakoze ubwo yari umunyeshuli. Icyo gihe yari yakatiwe imyaka 7 y’igifungo ariko birangira ajyanywe mu gisirikare cya bagashakabuhake cyitwaga “Force Republique”.
Ingoma ya Mobutu yaranzwe no kunyereza imitungo y’igihugu ndetse no gukoresha imari ya leta mu nyungu ze bwite cyane cyane agamije kwinezeza. Si ibyo gusa kuko icyenewabo cyari cyarimitswe rwose mu mutima we, aho wasangaga abantu bafitanye isano rya hafi yarabagize abakomeye mu gihugu.Byongeye kandi, akayabo k’ amafaranga ari hagati ya miliriyaridi 4 na 15 z’ amadolari ya America yanyerejwe ku ngoma ye.
Urugero rwa hafi, rwabaye igihe yafataga indege yo mu bwoko bwa Concorde akerekeza i Paris agiye guhaha ibintu bisanzwe yashoboraga no kubona mu gihugu yari ayoboye! Mu maso ya rubanda ibi byagaragaraga nko kurengera.
Akigera ku butegetsi ubwo yabufataga mu w’1971 ahiritse Guverinoma ya Patrice Lumumba yari iyobewe na Joseph Kasavubu, yahise ahindura izina ry’igihugu mu w’ 1971: cyitwaga Congo (DRC) icyo gihe maze kiba Zaire.
Ibi yabikoze agamije gusigasira umuco n’umwimerere w’ Abanyafurika ndetse no kurandura burundu ingoma ya ba gashakabuhake kuko igihugu cye cyari kimaze kubona ubwigenge!
Ntibyagarukiye aha, mu w’1972 nawe yahise ahindura amazina ye bwite maze yiyita “Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu Wa Za Banga” (byasobanuraga: indwanyi y’inyembaraga,idatsimburwa ku rugamba, irwana ishyaka ryo gutsinda, igasiga umuriro aho yafashe bugwate). Sinabura kukubwira ko amazina y’imigi yari mu ndimi z’amahanga yahinduwe mu rurimi gakondo. Twavuga nk’ umugi witwaga Leopold ville wahindutse Kinshasa hagamijwe guteza imbere iby’iwabo.
Ku ngoma ye, Abapadiri n’ abanyamadini bose muri rusange bihanangirijwe kubatiza abana amazina atari aya Kinyafurika!
Mu w’1960, Mobutu wari umunyamakuru icyo gihe yari umwe mu baturage ba Congo bari bafite amashuli menshi.Yakundaga gusoma ibinyamakuru by’Abanyaburayi n’ ibitabo mu gihe yabaga ari kuruhuka.
Nyuma yo kurangiza amasomo mu icungamutungo nibwo yahise atangira kwiga itangazamakuru nyaryo. Abanditsi yafataga nk’icyitegererezo kuri we barimo uwari umukuru w’igihugu cy’Ubufaransa; Charles de Gaulle na Nicollo Machiavelli.
Mu w’1956, Mobutu yavuye mu gisirkare maze ubuzima bwe bwose abwegurira itangazakuru. Yari umwanditsi mu kinyamakuru cyitwaga l’ Avenir cyakoreraga i Leopoldville ndetse yanabaye umwanditsi mukuru w’ikinyamakuru cyitwaga Actualites Africaines cyasohokaga rimwe mu cyumweru.
Ubwo yari ku ngoma, nta rindi shyaka ryari rifite ijambo uretse Popular Movement of the Revolution, ishyaka Mobutu yabarizwagamo. Yari umunyagitugu, ubutegetsi bwose bwari mu biganza bye ndetse abenshi bashakaga kumurwanya yabamanikaga imbere ya rubanda. Aha twavugamo nka Minisitiri w’intebe witwaga Evariste Kimba wabereye abandi akabarore ubwo yicirwaga imbere y’amaso ya rubanda azizwa kuvangira ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu.
Mu w’1970 ubwo habaga amatora y’Umukuru w’Igihugu, Mobutu yari umukandida rukumbi mu gihugu cyose kandi gutora ntabwo byari ibanga nk’uko bikorwa uyu munsi kuko icyo gihe hakoreshwaga udupapuro. Muri icyo gikorwa, iyo wabaga ushyigikiye Mobutu wahitagamo agapapuro k’icyatsi kandi utamuhitamo ugatora agapapuro gatukura gusa abataramutoye bari umubare mutoya kuko abenshi batinyaga ingaruka zabageraho.
Mu w’1991, ihungabana ry’ubukungu ryatumye Mobutu yemera gusangira ubutegetsi n’abo batavugaga rumwe nubwo yakomeje kubima ijambo kugeza igihe bamuvanye ku butegetsi mu w’1997.
Mobutu yashakaga gufatwa nk’aho ariwe muntu ugaragara wenyine mu kinyejana cya 20.
Igihe Mobutu yari ku butegetsi, amakuru y’umugoroba yacaga kuri televiziyo y’ igihugu yabanzirizwaga n’ifoto ya Mobutu imanuka nk’imana ivuye hejuru mu kirere. Ahantu hose hahurirwaga n’abantu benshi harimo amashuli, amasoko ndetse no mu nyubako z’ubutegetsi habaga hamanitswe ifoto ye. Mu buzima bwe, Mobutu yiyise amazina y’ibitangaza harimo’ Umubyeyi w’igihugu, Mesiya, Umuyobozi w’impinduramatwara, Indwanyi y’akataraboneka, Umucunguzi w’abaturage n’andi menshi yagaragazaga ubushongore ndetse no gukomera kwe.
Burya koko akebo kajya i wa mugarura! Umubiri wa Mobutu ntiwigeze ushyingurwa muri Congo ndetse yarameneshejwe ahunga igihugu yari ayoboye imyaka 31. Icyo gihe ingabo zitavuga rumwe n’ ubutegetsi zari ziyobowe na Laurent-Desire Kabila bituma Mobutu ahunga aza no kugwa ishyanga mu w’1997 azize kanseri ya prostate, imwe mu ndwara zibasira imyanya y’ibanga y’abagabo nk’uko urubuga theguardian.com rubitangaza.
Sinasoza iyi nkuru ntababwiye ko Mobutu yigeze ahamagaza Muhammad Ali na George Foreman bari abateramakofe b’ibyamamare muri icyo gihe ngo bahe ibyishimo Abanyezayire! Aba bombi baresuranye karahava maze hatikirira imari ya leta ingana na miliyoni 5 z’ amadolari ya America!
Mwizerwa Ally
