Hashize imyaka isaga 28 u Rwanda ruhanganye n’ikigeragezo gishingiye kuri Diporomasi n’umutekano kenshi cyakunze guturuka mu burasirazuba bwa DR Congo mu bihe bitandukanye.
Byatangiye mu mwaka 1994 nyuma yaho izahoze ari ingabo za RPF zibohoreye u Rwanda maze abasize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bagizwe na Guverinoma y’abatabazi, Ex FAR n’Interahamwe bagahungira mu cyahoze ari Zaire ya Mobutu Seseko.
Ikigeragezo cyambere Guverinoma y’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda yari ikiri nshya yahuye nacyo n’uko ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu bwemeye kwakira abajenosideri bari bamaze gutsindwa na FPR Inkotanyi kwambukana intwaro zabo zose ndetse bunabafasha kwisuganyiriza mu nkambi za Mugunga , Lac Vert n’ahandi kugirango bagaruke guhungabanya umutekano w’u Rwanda.
U Rwanda ntacyo rutakoze ngo rugaragarize ubutegeti bwa Mobutu n’imiryango mpuzamahanga imiterere y’icyo kibazo ndetse runasaba ko icyo kibazo cyakemurwa mu maguru mashya, ariko ntihagira igikorwa byatumye ingabo z’u Rwanda zifasha Laurent Desire Kabila gukuraho ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu bwari bwaramaze kugaraza ko ari ikibazo ku mutekano w’u Rwanda.
Nyuma y’igihe gito hadutse ikindi kigeragezo nacyo cyari kibangamiye umutekano w’u Rwanda kuko ubutegetsi bwa Laurent Desire Kabila bwahise bwirukana ingabo z’u Rwanda zari zamushize ku butegetsi ahubwo ahitamo gukorana n’Abarwanyi ba FDLR abakuye mu bihugu bari baratataniyemo byumwihariko nka Congo Brazaville n’ahandi. Aba barwanyi bahise bihuza n’abandi bari bihishe mu mashyamba ya Congo nyuma yihirima ry’ubutetsi bwa Mobutu . Lauret Desire Kabila yasabye abarwanyi ba FDLR icyo gihe ikaba yari ikiri ALIR kumufasha kurwanya Abanyarwanda maze nawe abasezeranya amafaranga no kubafasha kongera gutera u Rwanda.
Ibi byatumye u Rwanda rusubira muri DR Congo ku nshuro ya Kabiri maze ubutegetsi bwa Desire Kabila induru buyiha umunwa si ukuvuga biratinda bashinja u Rwanda ku ruhando mpuzamahanga guhungabanya umutekano w’icyo gihugu. Gusa ibi byatangiye kugereranwa nka ya mpyisi ikurira umwana yarangiza ikakurusha uburakari kuko ubutegetsi bwa Laurent Desire Kabila bwashyiraga imbere umutekano wa DR Congo ariko bukirengagiza uw’u Rwanda, mugihe abashakaga kuwuhungabanya bari baramaze kwinjizwa mu ngabo za DR Congo ndetse baremerewe ubufasha bwo gutera u Rwanda .
Ingaruka ku mutekano w’u Rwanda ntizatinze kwigaragaza kuko hagati y’umwaka wa 1997 na 2000 ibitero by’abacengezi byaturukaga muri DR Congo byatangiye kwibasira Amajyaruguru y’u Rwanda ,bihungabanya umutekano w’abaturage ariko ubutegetsi bwa DR Congo ntacyo bwigeze bukora ngo buhagarike abo bagizi ba nabi bateraga u Rwanda baturutse ndetse banafite ibirindiro ku butaka bwabo.
Nyuma yo kwicwa agasimburwa n’umuhungu we nabwo ntacyahindutse. Ikigeragezo ku Rwanda cyarakomeje kuko nawe yakoranye n’abashakaga guhunganya umutekano w’uRwanda( Interahamwe na Ex FAR) mu ntabara yari akomereje aho se yasize atarangije bari bahanganyemo n’umutwe wa CNDP yari igizwe n’Abakongomani bavuga ururimi rw’Ikinyarwanda maze nawe atera ikirenge mu cyase abasezeranya ubufasha bw’amafaranga n’intwaro kugirango nabo bakomeze kumufasha kurwanya uwo mutwe. Ibi nabyo byagendanye no guharabika u Rwanda ku ruhando mpuzamahanga bashingiye gusa ku kuba umutwe wa CNDP wari warafashe igice kinini cya DR Congo wari ugizwe n’Abakongomani bavuga ururimi rw’Ikinyarwanda barwaniraga uburengazira bwabo. Ibi Byagendanaga kandi no kubiba urwango hagati y’andi moko y’Abakongomani n’abandi bavuga ururimi rw’Ikinyarwanda benshi baricwa abandi barameneshwa bahungira mu Rwanda, Uganda,u Burundi ,Kenya n’ahandi .
Icyo gihe DR Ccongo ntiyemeraga ko abo bantu ari Abakongomani ahubwo ikavuga ko ari Abanyarwanda kuberako bavuga ururimi rw’Ikinyarwanda gusa, ariko ikirengagiza ko ubwo butaka ari gakondo yabo bavukiyeho imyaka amagana ishize.
Byatumye aba bakongomani bashinga umutwe wa gisirikare bavuga ko baharanira uburenganzira bwabo bashaka kwamburwa n’andi moko y’Abakongomani ndetse leta ikaba irebere ntigire icyo ibikoraho.
Ku mpamvu z’uko ari Abakongomani bavuga ururimi rw’Ikinyarwanda Leta ya Congo nayo yahise itangira kugeraka uwo mutwe ku Rwanda. U Rwanda rukabihakana ndetse rugasaba ko DR Congo yagaragaza ibinyetso ariko ikabibura. U Rwanda kandi rwagarazaga ko ibibazo by’Abakongomani bigomba gukemurwa n’Abakongomani ubwabo aho kubigeraka ku Rwanda. Gusa kuri iyi nshuro DR Congo ifashijwe n’ingabo z’amahanga babashije kwirukana umutwe M23 mu mwaka wa 2013. Icyo gihe kandi u Rwanda rwafatiwe ibihano by’ubukungu kubera ibirego bya DR Congo ariko biza gukurwaho mu gihe gito.
Mu 2021 ubwo M23 yongeye kubura imirwano ubutegetsi bwa Felix Tshisekedi bwari bubanye neza n’u Rwanda bwahise bwihutira gutangaza ko ibitero bya M23 biri guturuka mu Rwanda ndetse ko u Rwanda rutera inkunga uwo mutwe . U Rwanda ariko rwabihakanye rwivuye inyuma rusaba n’ibinyetso DR Congo irabibura ahubwo igashingira ku kuba abagize M23 ari Abakongomani bavuga Ikinyarwanda.
Abategeti ba DR Congo baheruka kujya kurega u Rwanda muri ONU ariko akanama ka ONU gashinzwe amahoro n’umutekano nyuma yo gusuzuma ibyo birego kabatera utwatsi kuko nta bimenyeto bifatika DR Congo yagaragaje byerekana ko u Rwanda rufasha M23 ahubwo gasaba ubutegetsi bwa Felix Thisekedi gukemura ibyo bibazo binyuze mu biganiro.
Kuri ubu FARDC yahisemo kongera gukorana n’abashaka guhungabanya umutekano w’u Rwanda aribo FDLR ikaba aribo iri kwifashisha mu kurwanya M23 bambaye impuzankano z’ingabo za FARDC.
Ni byinshi byakunze guhungabanya u Rwanda biturutse muri DR Congo tutavuga ngo turondore gusa ikizwi n’uko abashaka guhungabanya umutekano w’u Rwanda( FDLR,FLN,RUD Urunana,FPP,P5 n’abandi) bose ntahandi batekereza gushinga ibirindiro atari muri DR Congo kandi bigakorwa ubuyobozi bw’icyo gihugu burebera.
Hakomeje kwibaza impamvu DR Congo ihora isohora ibirego ishinja u Rwanda kuruhungabanyiriza umutekano mu gihe ubutegeti bwa DR Congo mu bihe bitandukanye kugeza magingo aya butahwemye gufasha no gukorana n’umutwe wa FDLR ugamije guhungabanya umutekano w’u Rwanda ugizwe ahanini n’abantu basize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Ibi bamwe bakaba babibona nk’ikigeragezo u Rwanda rumazemo imyaka isaga 28 ruhanganye nacyo n’ubwo rutahwemye kubyitwaramo kigabo.
Hategekimana Claude
