Mu gihe tukiri mu kwezi ko kwibuka ku nshuro ya 29 Ingabo za FPR-Inkotanyi zibohoye u Rwanda ndetse zikabasha guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi 1994, kuri ubu tugiye kubagezaho igice cya Kane cy’imirwano ikomeye, yahanganishije Ingabo za FPR-Inkotanyi n’Inzirabwoba, mu rugamba rwanyuma rwo kubohora umujyi wa Kigali.
Etat Maj y’Inzirabwoba yari igiye kwimurwa ariko Inzirabwo nti zabyumva kimwe
Ku mugoroba wa tariki ya 12 Mata 1994, uwari Umugaba Mukuru w’Inzirabwoba by’agateganyo, Colonel BEM Marcel Gatsinzi wari wageze mu mujyi wa Kigali mu mugoroba wa tariki 8 Mata 1994 aturutse i Butare , yasinye itegeko risaba Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba kuva mu mujyi wa Kigali zikerekeza hakurya ya Nyabarongo i Gitarama.
Etat Major, ngo yagombaga kujya ku Kamonyi, Base AR ikajya i Musambira, naho ibitaro bya gisirikare bya Kanombe bikajya i Kabuga.
Iryo tegeko ryanze gukurikizwa ndetse rikurwaho na bamwe mu basirikare bakuru b’Inzirabwoba babifashe nk’Ubugamabanyi , ngo kuko iryo tegeko ryari gutuma Inzirabwoba zitarwana uko bikwiye mu mujyi wa Kigali ,mu gihe Etat-Major yari kuba ihavuye kimwe n’indi mitwe y’ingabo.
Abasirikare bakuru ba EX FAR barwanyije iri tegeko ku buryo bukomeye bongeraho ko, byari nko gusiga abaturage bari batuye mu mujyi wa Kigali bonyine mu kangaratete. Colonel BEM Gatsinzi wari Umugaba w’Ingabo w’agateganyo yari yatangiye imirimo ye ku mugoroba wo ku ya 8 Mata 1994.
Yinjiye muri Kigali ari kumwe na Perezida wa Guverinoma y’iyise iy’Abatabazi ariwe Théodore Sindikubwabo wari umaze gusimbura Perezida Habyalimana wari witabye Imana ku ya 6 Mata 1994. Guverinoma yari yiyise iy’abatabazi ,yari iyobowe na Bwana Jean Kambanda warahiye kuwa 9 Mata 1994, ariko ibintu byarushaga kumera nabi mu mujyi wa Kigali uko bwije n’uko bucyeye.
Kuva ku ya 7 Mata 1994, umutekano wari muke mu duce twinshi tw’umujyi wa Kigali, hari ubwicanyi bwarimo bukorerwa Abatutsi n’abanyapolitiki batavugaga rumwe n’Ubutegetsi bwa MRND ya Habyarimana Juvenal kandi bikajyana n’ibikorwa by’ubusahuzi.
Ako kaduruvayo n’ubwo biwicanyi , byari byateguwe neza na Guverinoma y’Abatabazi yasabye kenshi insoresore zo mu mashyaka MRND , CDR n’abasirikare b’Inzirabwoba , kwica Umututsi aho ariho hose mu gihugu bakamurimbura.
Ni urugomo rwagaragaraga mu ruhande rwagenzurwaga n’Inzirabwoba ,bituma bizihanganisha bikomeye n’ingabo za FPR zarwanaga zishaka kurokora Abatutsi barimo bicirwa muri ibyo bice.
Hari amakuru yemeza ko iyo ubuyobozi bukuru bw’inzirabwoba budahindurwa ngo hajyeho umugaba mukuru mushya Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu na Bamwe mu basirikare b’Inzirabwoba bari mu mishyikirano yo guhagarika imirwano barimo Lt Col BEM Rwabalinda, Col BEM Gatsinzi Général de Brigade I. G. Kabiligi agaruke mu Rwanda ahagana mu matariki ya 20 Mata 1994, Kigali iba yarafashwe n’ingabo za FPR bitarenze ukwezi kwa Mata 1994.
Ku ya 12 Mata 1994, Ubuyobozi bw’Inzirabwoba bwabonye ko butangiye gutsindwa, niko gusaba imishyikirano yo guhagarika imirwano na FPR ariko FPR irabyanga ,kubera ukuntu yabonaga irimo yegera imbere ndetse ubwicanyi bwarimo bukorerwa Abatutsi buhagarikiwe na Guverinoma y’Abatabazi idashaka kubuhagarika, ahubwo burushaho gufata indi ntera .
Ibi nibyo byatumye FPR-Inkotanyi yanga iyo mishikirano isaba ko ubwicanyi bwarimo bukorerwa Abatusti bubanza guhagaraga ariko biranga birananirana kuko Abatutsi bakomeje kwicwa. FPR yifuzaga ko habaho iyo mishikirano ari uko ibwicanyi buhagaze.
Mu itangazo Inzirabwoba zasohoye ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994, zasabaga ko imirwano yahagarara ku va ku ya 13 Mata 1994 saa sita z’amanywa. Ibyo ntabwo byubahirijwe kuko imirwano yarakomeje. Gen Bizimungu yahise agirwa umugaba mukuru w’Inzirabwoba asanga ibintu byaradogereye gusa Kuwa 15 Mata 1994 habayeho ibiganiro hagati y’abari bahagarariye Inzirabwoba na FPR, byari bihagarariwe na Bwana Jacques Roger Booh-Booh wari uhagarariye Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’abibumbye mu Rwanda.
Icyo FPR yasabaga, ni uko Guverinoma y’Abatabazi, yabanza guhagarika ubwicanyi bwarimo bukorerwa Abatutsi mu karere kari mu maboko y’Inzirabwoba, mbere y’uko yemera guhagarika imirwano. Ibyo bagoye cyane Guverinoma y’Abatabazi yifuzaga kubatsemba bose uko bakabaye .
Gusubiranamo hagati y’Abayobozi bakuru b’Inzirabwoba
Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, Leta y’Abatabazi yashatse kwiminjiramo agafu ngo ihangane na FPR maze iha abasirikare bakuru amapeti ya Jenerali.
Muri bo, harimo: -Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu wari umukuru w’akarere k’imirwano ka Ruhengeri wahise ugirwa umugaba mukuru w’ingabo ku itariki 17 Mata 1994, Général de Brigade I. G. Gratien Kabiligi wari ushinzwe imirwano muri Etat Major y’ingabo (G3) .
Général de Brigade Léonidas Rusatira wari umukuru w’ishuri rikuru rya gisirikare ESM Yaje kwishyira mu maboko ya FPR ipeti rya Général araryamburwa kugeza aho ahungiye ntabwo yongeye kurisubirana.
Ubwumvikane bucye hagati ya Colonel Rusatira na Colonel BEMS Bagosora nabwo bwarigaragaje ,butuma Colonel Rusatira atongera kwitabira inama z’abakuru b’ingabo, ngo ubwo bwumvikane bucye buturuka igihe bakoranaga muri Ministère y’ingabo.
Itegeko Colonel BEM Gatsinzi wari umugaba mukuru w’ingabo by’agateganyo yatanze ryo kwimurira Etat Major y’ingabo ku Kamonyi, bamwe mu bakuru b’ingabo za EX FAR bakanga kuryubahiriza rigakurwaho ritarashyirwa mu bikorwa nabyo biri mu bigaragaza ubwo bwumvikane bucye bwari buhari.
Kuba Colonel BEM Augustin Bizimungu yaragizwe umugaba mukuru w’inzirabwoba ndetse akaba na Général Major ari uwo muri promotion ya 13 bikaba ngombwa ko ategeka abasirikare benshi bamutanze mu gisirikare kugeza no kubo muri promotion ya 6 nka ba Colonel Rusatira na Colonel Munyengango ntabwo byashimishije benshi.
ya 31 Gicurasi 1994, Capitaine Mbaye Diagne wakomokaga mu gihugu cya Sénégal yahitanywe n’igisasu cya mortier 82mm cyaguye ku modoka yarimo ahagana mu Kanogo kirasshwe n’Inzirabwoba.
Hari abasirikare b’abafaransa baje gucyura bene wabo (bari mu cyo bise opération Amaryllis hagati yo ku ya 8 Mata 1994 kugeza ku ya 14 Mata 1994.) Abo basirikare bari bavuye i Bangui na Libreville. Bari bagizwe n’abasirikare ba 3eme RPIMa na 8eme RPIM z’ingabo z’Abafaransa). Haje kandi abasirikare b’ababiligi b’abaparacommando mu gikorwa kiswe: opération Silver Back cyari kigamije gucyura ababiligi n’abandi banyamahanga babaga mu Rwanda no gufasha abasirikare b’ababiligi bari muri MINUAR gutaha ndetse hari n’abasirikare b’Abatariyani bakeya bari mu cyo bise Operation Ippocampo Rwanda.
Ubuyobozi bushya bw’Inzirabwoba bwiyemeza guhangana n’Ingabo za FPR-Inkotanyi biranga biba iby’ubusa
Nyuma y’aho Ubuyobozi bw’ingabo za EX FAR buhindutse , umugaba mukuru mushya Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu ndetse n’abandi basirikare b’Inzirabwoba biyemeje kurwana ku mujyi wa Kigali mpaka, Gusa zimwe mu ngabo za FPR zari zamaze kuhagera zije gutabara batayo yari muri CND n’abatutsi barimo bicwa.
Imitwe y’ingabo ya FPR ikurikira yari imaze gusesekara muri Kigali: Alpha Mobile, Bravo Mobile, 101st Mobile, 59th Mobile, kongeraho abasirikare bari muri CND .
Nyuma y’ifatwa rya Byumba ,21st Mobile nayo yaje kurwanira muri Kigali, ukwezi kwa Mata 1994 kujya gushira na 7th Mobile nayo yageze i Kigali iturutse inzira ya Kabuga na Rwamagana.
Ingabo z’amahanga zikimara kuva mu Rwanda, Etat Major y’Inzirabwoba yahise ibona ko igisigaye ari ukwirwanaho nta kundi kuko icyizere cy’amasezerano yo guhagarika imirwano cyari kimaze kuyoyoka.
Si ibyo gusa kuko umugaba mushya w’Inzirabwoba wari umaze kujyaho ariwe Général Major BEM Augustin Bizimungu, yasanze ibintu byarazambye ariko yitera akanyabugabo avuga ko agiye guhangana n’Ingabo za FPR-Inkotanyi.
Imirwano simusiga mu mujyi wa Kigali
Umusozi wa Rebero wari umeze gufatwa n’ingabo za FPR-Inkotanyi nyuma y’imirwano simusiga yamaze iminsi 9. N’ubwo Inzirabwoba zari zifite ubushake bwo kongera kwisubiza umusozi wa Rebero wari hagati mu birindiro byazo, ntabwo zashoboye kwirukana abasirikare bari biganjemo aba 59th Mobile ya FPR bari bayobowe na Lieutenant Colonel Fred Nyamurangwa, kubera imbunda nyinshi zo mu bwoko bwa Mitrailleuses/Machine gun ingabo za FPR zari kuri uwo musozi zakoreshaga n’ibisasu byinshi bitegwa mu butaka zari zashyize imbere y’ibirindiro byazo.
Umusozi wa Rebero, Inzirabwoba zawurasheho cyane zikoresheje imbunda za Howitzer 105mm ndetse na Howitzer 122mm. Guhera ku itariki 19 Mata 1994 ariko Inzirabwoba zaretse kugaba ibitero ku i Rebero nyuma yo kuwurasaho ibisasu by’imbunda za Howitzer 105mm cyane cyane ko zari zamaze kubona ko Ingabo za FPR zidateze kuwurekura.
Ikigo cya Kami cyari kigoswe n’ingabo za FPR, ariko Major BEMS Joël Bararwerekana wari uyoboye icyo kigo ndetse na Bataillon Police Militaire yakomeje kwizera ko Inzirabwoba zishobora guhindura ibintu hakaboneka uburyo bamwoherereza abasirikare bo kumufasha gusa ahagana mu matariki ya 25 Mata 1994, ingabo za FPR zari zambutse Muhazi ziturutse mu mpinga za Gikomero zagabye igitero simusiga ku kigo cya Kami.
Byabaye ngombwa ko Aba PM barwana bashakisha inzira ,ariko baraswaho amabombe menshi gusa amaherezo bahinguka ku Kimironko hari mu maboko y’Inzirabwoba. I Kigali, ingabo za FPR zari zishinze ibirindiro kuva ku Kimironko kugera ku Kacyiru ndetse ahagana kuri Sonatube ku Kicukiro zari zegeye imbere mu birindiro by’Inzirabwoba.
Ibigo bya gisirikare bya Kacyiru na Kimihurura byari byugarijwe n’ibitero bikomeye by’Ingabo za FPR naho Mu majyaruguru y’umujyi, Inzirabwoba zari zashoboye guhagarika Ingabo za FPR mbere y’uko zigera ku mahuriro y’imihanda ya Nyabugogo ariko hari ibirindiro bikomeye by’ingabo za FPR ku misozi ya Jali na Gisozi.
Ingabo za FPR ,zakomeje kugaba ibitero bikomeye ku kigo cya Gendarmerie ku Kacyiru ariko abajandarume bakomeza kwihagararaho by’igihe gito babifashijwemo na Btayo Comando Huye mu gihe I Gikondo ahagana kuri Rwandex, imirwano yari ikomeye cyane ndetse Inzirabwoba zatakaje Blindé yo mu bwoko bwa AML 60.
Ingabo za FPR zashoboye gufata akarere ka Kicukiro karimo uruganda rwa Bralirwa. Ibirindiro by’Inzirabwoba mu mujyi wa Kigali ,nabyo byarashweho n’ingabo za FPR bombes nyinshi zitandukanye harimo n’izo mu bwoko bwa 122mm Howitzer zaraswaga n’imbunda zari zishinze ahagana i Gikomero.
Imirwano muri Byumba OPS Byumba yari iyobowe na Lieutenant Colonel BEM Juvénal Bahufite yasaga nk’aho igoswe n’ingabo za FPR za 21st Mobile ya Colonel Charles Musitu n’indi mitwe mito ya za Mobile zari zerekeje i Kigali zari zagiye zisiga mu nzira kuva tariki ya 8 Mata 1994,……
Claude HATEGEKIMANA
Rwandatribune.com
