U Rwanda rwifatanije n’ibihugu 10 byo mu karere, gushiraho sitasiyo nshya yo kugenzura urwego rw’amazi ku nzuzi n’ibiyaga. Ikigamijwe ni ukumenyesha hakiri kare, kubaka ibikorwa remezo bishobora guhangana n’umwuzure, no gutegura imikoreshereze myiza y’amazi asanganzwe mu kibaya cy’uruzi rwa Nili nk’uko byatangajwe kuri uyu wa 16 Ugushyingo 2023.
Ikibaya cy’Uruzi rwa Nili, igice cya Afurika cyanyujijwe ku mugezi wa Nili n’inzuzi zacyo, gikubiyemo agace kafashe uru ruzi mu Rwanda, u Burundi, Tanzaniya, Etiyopiya, Sudani, Misiri, Uganda, DR Congo, Eritereya, na Kenya.
Mu rwego rwo gutegura no gukoresha neza umutungo w’amazi no gukurikirana imyuzure. ibihugu birimo gushyiraho sitasiyo yo kugenzura urwego rw’amazi ku nzuzi n’ibiyaga muri gahunda ya Nili Basin Initiative – ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu by’imigezi y’uruzi rwa Nili bugamije guteza imbere amakoperative no gucunga neza umutungo w’amazi basangiye.
Florence Grace Adongo, Umuyobozi mukuru w’ubunyamabanga bwa Nil Basin Initiative yashyikirije sitasiyo ya Hydrologiya Emmanuel Rukundo Umuyobozi w’ikigo gishinzwe umutungo w’amazi mu Rwanda ku ya 16 Ugushyingo 2023.
Aho yagize ati “Mu Rwanda, twashyizeho sitasiyo esheshatu zo gukurikirana hydrologiya muri zone ziri mu kibaya cya Nili. idufasha gukusanya amakuru ku bwinshi bw’amazi ndetse n’amazi dufite mu biyaga no mu nzuzi, ”
ibi bikaba byavuzwe na Remy Norbert Duhuze, umuyobozi w’ishami rishinzwe kugenzura amazi no kugenzura ubuziranenge mu kigo gishinzwe umutungo w’amazi mu Rwanda (RWB).
Duhuze yavuze ko amakuru yabonye afasha igihugu mu gutegura imishinga ifite ibikoresho bya sensor, Yagize ati “Imishinga irimo kuhira imyaka, kubyara amashanyarazi, kuburira hakiri kare mu gihe cy’umwuzure, no kubaka ibikorwa remezo bihamye. Ibi birashoboka mu gihe basanzwe bazi ingano n’amazi mu gihe cy’imvura cyangwa cy’’izuba. ”
Sitasiyo esheshatu zashyizwe ku nzuzi n’ibiyaga bifite umupaka; inzuzi za Nyabarongo, Akagera, Akanyaru, Muvumba, usibye ibiyaga bya Cyohoha na Rweru bihuza uruzi rwa Nili binyuze mu bihugu bitandukanye. U Rwanda ni isoko ya kure y’Uruzi rwa Nili.
“Abakurikirana amazi bazaba umuyoboro mu bihugu byo mu kibaya cya Nili. Abandi bashyizwe mu Burundi, Kenya, Tanzaniya, Sudani, Sudani y’Amajyepfo, Uganda, n’abandi. Umuyoboro uzadufasha gusangira amakuru ku bibera mu karere ka Nili ”, Duhuze.
Izi sitasiyo kandi zizashyigikira igenzura ry’amazi n’imiterere y’imigezi mu nzuzi nyinshi zigwa mu kibaya cy’uruzi rwa Nili mu gihugu.
Izi sitasiyo ya hydrometero izatanga amakuru nyayo namakuru yizewe yo kunoza igenamigambi ryumutungo nogucunga haba kurwego rwigihugu ndetse nakarere. Bazafasha kurushaho guhangana n’imyuzure n’amapfa, kugenzura ubwiza bw’amazi yo hejuru n’ubwikorezi bw’ibimera, guhuza imicungire y’ingomero z’amazi, kugendagenda, ndetse no kurushaho guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, ”ibi bikaba byavuzwe na Jacqueline Nyirakamana, impuguke mu bufatanye n’umutungo w’amazi w’umupaka muri Minisiteri y’ibidukikije.
Nk’uko byatangajwe na Florence Grace Adongo, Umuyobozi Nshingwabikorwa wa Nil Basin Initiative, ngo iyi sitasiyo yanashyizwe mu bindi bihugu byo mu biyaga by’uburinganire bwa Nili – u Burundi, DR Congo, Kenya, u Rwanda, Tanzaniya, na Uganda ndetse no mu burasirazuba bwa Nili. Sitasiyo zirenga 80 ziteganijwe.
Gushyira no kugerageza sitasiyo byarangiye kuri sitasiyo 41 ku nkunga y’ikipe y’igihugu ishinzwe gukurikirana hydrologiya. Hariho babiri mu Burundi, batandatu muri Kenya, batandatu mu Rwanda, batanu muri Sudani y’Amajyepfo, babiri muri Sudani, umunani muri Tanzaniya, na bane muri Uganda.
Adongo yavuze ko umutekano n’ibindi bibazo muri DR Congo, Sudani, na Etiyopiya byadindije ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’umushinga.
Hashyizweho uburyo bwo gukurikirana amazi mu bihugu biri mu mishinga yo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere Afurika ishishikarizwa gutera inkunga nk’ibyingenzi mu nama ya 28 y’umuryango w’abibumbye y’ikirere (COP28) kuva ku ya 30 Ugushyingo kugeza 12 Ukuboza.
Niyonkuru Florentine
