Amateka ya “Juneteenth (umunsi mukuru wo kwizihiza iherezo ry’ubucakara)” muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika

Buri mwaka ku ya 19 Kamena, Louis Hicks n’umuryango we bateraniraga mu isambu y’umuryango i Maynard, muri Texas, Kugira ngo bajye kwinezeza no kwizihiza umunsi wose.

Abana birukaga ishyamba mu gihe abantu bakuru bafatanaga urunana rimwe na rimwe habagaho no gucana umuriro.

Hicks wahoze ari umuyobozi mukuru w’ingoro y’umurage (Museum) utuye muri D.C agira ati: “Kuri njye, byasobanuraga gusa kwizihiza umuryango.” Sinigeze numva neza icyo Juneteenth yari igamije.”

Imyigaragambyo iherutse kuba kubera iyicwa rya George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, n’abandi birabura ryakozwe n’abapolisi yazanye inyungu z’abaturage ndetse n’igihugu muri “Juneteenth”, umunsi mukuru wizihiza iherezo ry’ubucakara.

Abigaragambyaga hirya no hino mu karere ka Washington bateranye ku wa gatanu tariki 19 Kamena 2020, bakora urugendo, bariyerekana  ariko nako banabyina mu rwego rwo kwizihiza juneteenth.

Nubwo leta 46 n’akarere ka Columbiya zemera ko “Juneteenth” ari umunsi mukuru, abantu benshi bo mu karere ka Washington ntibari bazi icyo aricyo kugeza uyu mwaka.

Lopez Matthews Jr, ushinzwe isomero rya kaminuza ya Howard akaba n’umwarimu w’ubushakashatsi bw’Africa n’Amerika muri kaminuza ya Bowie na kaminuza ya Leta ya Coppin, agira ati: “Muri iki gihe urubyiruko ntirubimenya.

Ati: “Ndetse iyo mvuze ku munsi wo kwibohora kwa Maryland, uba ku itariki ya 1 Ugushyingo, benshi muri bo ntibigeze babyumva kandi baravukiye bakanakurira muri Maryland.”

Matthews avuga ko integanyanyigisho za K-12 zisanzwe zishingiye ku mateka yuzuye y’ubucakara no kwibohora.

Izindi Leta, hagati aho zifite amateka yihariye yo kwibohora n’imigenzo yaho. Urugero, Umunsi wo Kwibohora D.C (District of California Liberation Day) wari ku ya 16 Mata 1862. Umujyi wa D.C (Washington) wazirikanye ko ari umunsi w’ikiruhuko kuva muri 2005.

Juneteenth ifite inkomoko muri Texas kandi biri no mu muco wayo. Yafashe izina ryayo guhera tariki 19 Kamena 1865 igihe ingabo z’Ubumwe zinjiraga i Galveston, muri Texas, Kugira ngo zishimangire Itangazo ryo kwibohora, ryerekana ko ubucakara burangiye muri Amerika.

Abirabura bo muri Texas batangiye kwizihiza Juneteenth nk’ikiruhuko umwaka wakurikiyeho.

C.R. Gibbs, umwanditsi akaba n’umwarimu kuri diaspora nyafurika ituye muri D.C, agira ati: “Iyo dusobanukiwe icyo Abirabura barwanyaga muri Texas, tubona ko igikorwa cyo kwizihiza Juneteenth cyari igikorwa cyo guhangana.”

Abirabura b’Abanyamerika bazanye ibiruhuko nabo batangiye kwimuka ari benshi mu tundi turere twa Amerika nyuma y’ihungabana rikomeye.

Nkuko Gibbs abivuga, “Ntushobora gukomeza umunezero nk’uwo muri leta ya Texas.” Yabonye imbaraga nyinshi mu 1968, ubwo nyuma gato y’iyicwa rya Martin Luther King, Jr. Ubukangurambaga bwakoze umunsi w’ubufatanye i Washington, DC ku munsi wa Juneteenth.

Texas yabigize umunsi mukuru mu 1980, kandi abaturage ba Texas nka Louis Hicks bakomeje gukwirakwiza ijambo.

Hicks yimukiye muri Austin yerekeza muri D.C mu myaka ya za 1980 yagize ati: “Nazanye Juneteenth muri D.C. nifatanyije n’abandi bahoze muri Texas bari baranyanyagiye mu gihugu hose.”

Mu ntangiriro ya 1990, Zora Martin Felton, umuyobozi w’inzu ndangamurage ya Smithsonian Anacostia, yahaye akazi Hicks n’abandi kugira ngo bategure ibirori bya Juneteenth.

Bashyizeho umunsi wuzuye wo kwizihiza harimo: gusiga amarangi mu maso, ibitaramo bya muzika, n’ibiryo. Inzu ndangamurage yizihije uwo munsi kuva icyo gihe.

Komisiyo ya Parike ya Maryland na komisiyo y’igenamigambi bateguye ibirori ngarukamwaka bya Juneteenth mu Ntara ya Prince George kuva muri 2008.

Ubu Gibbs afite amasomo ane atandukanye ya Juneteenth ashobora kugeza ku masosiyete, mu mashuri, n’ingoro ndangamurage, kuko nkuko abivuga, gusaba amakuru ku byerekeye amateka y’ibiruhuko yakuze cyane.

Benshi mu baturage bo mu gace ka Washington ubu bakuze bizihiza Juneteenth hamwe n’imiryango yabo.

Iyi nkuru dukesha ikinyamakuru “Eventsdc” ivuga ko Kelly Navies, umuhanga mu mateka akaba n’inzobere mu nzu ndangamurage y’amateka n’umuco nyafurika, agira ati: “Umuryango wanjye umaze imyaka 50 wizihiza Juneteenth”.

Yabwiye Kojo Nnamdi wa WAMU ko umuryango we uzizihiza kuri Zoom uyu mwaka kubera icyorezo cya coronavirus.

Agira ati: “Ntabwo bizaba kimwe, ariko ntitwashoboraga kureka uyu munsi ngo ugende tutawizihije.”

Uyu mwaka Juneteenth nayo izahagarara kubera guhuza ibikorwa bya politiki n’imyigaragambyo. Umuhanga mu by’amateka C.R. Gibbs avuga ko imyigaragambyo ari inzira iboneye yo kwizihiza umunsi mukuru.

Agira ati: “Ibyo tubona hano ni ukugenda mu nzira y’ubwisanzure.” Ati: “Ndebera kwizihiza Juneteenth nk’umuyoboro wo kurushaho gusobanukirwa no kurushaho guharanira ubwisanzure bw’Abirabura muri Amerika.”

Ndacyayisenga Jerome