Amateka agaragaza ko hari Abanyarwanda benshi bageze muri kivu y,amajyepfo ,mu myaka ya 1880 , hatangwa impamvu ebyiri ziryo yimuka ry’Abanyarwanda berekeje muri Congo.
Iimpamvu ya mbere ni uko aba bimukira bari biganjemo abatutsi bari batangiye kwigumura kubwami bw’u Rwanda bavugako bari barambiwe imisoro ihanitse yari imaze gushyirwaho n’umwami kigeri wa gatanu Rwabugiri wategekaga u Rwanda muri icyo gihe.
Impamvu ya kabiri ni uko bari bahunze ubugizi bwa nabi bwo mu mvurururu zo mu 1895 zaje zikurikira urupfu rw’umwami Kigeri wa gatanu Rwabugiri harimo intambara yo kurunshunshu, amateka avugako itsinda ryaberekeje muri kivu yepho ryari ryiganje mo abatutsi bamwe na bamwe bahoze ari abantu bakomeye, bahoze mukizuru kingoma y’ubwami.
Abandi na none bari kumwe nabo bari abantu b’Abahutu bari abagaragu babo ariko na none hakaba nabandi bantu bari baraje gukira nyuma bagakora ibyo bitaga kwihutura bivu kuba bari abahutu mbere bakaza guhinduka abatutsi bajyana n’abandi batutsi bari bavuye mu Rwanda banjya kwibera muri Congo n’ubundi bahunga Ingoma ya cyami.
Uko aba baturage bagiye batura
Aba bimukira bimukiye mu gihugu cya Congo batuye mubice bya Ruzizi mu misozi ya Kitongwe. Amateka avugako baje kuba mur’iyo misozi kandi ikababera myiza cyane, bahashyira ingo zabo kandi zikomeye. Amateka avugako hari ubwatsi bwiza cyane kandi butoshye babonaga aho kororera amatungo yabo, doreko hafi yabantu bari bagiye gutura mur’iyo misozi.
Aba bose bari aborozi hafi yabose bahise batura muri iyi misozi iri kubutumburuke bwa metero ibihumbi bitatu ubushyo bw’inka zabo bwabayeho neza cyane burisha ubwatsi butoshye. Abimukira b’Abanyarwanda bavuye imihanda yose bakomeje kwerekeza muri kivu y’amanjyepho bamwe bakagenda bagiye gupagaza kuri bene wabo ba banyarwanda bahakiriye, abandi bakagenda bagiye gupagasiriza mubakoroni.
Amateka akomeza avuga ko ku bakoroni b’Ababirigi bakoraga ubucukuzi bw’Amabuye bakoreraga muri katanga muri Congo ko bahaye akazi Abanyarwanda benshi kugeza aho batangiye kwisanga muri ya miryango, mubice bya Congo hari Abanyarwanda benshi bavuye mu Rwanda bajya gukorera ibigo by’Ababirigi byacukuraga amabuye y’agaciro muri Congo, ariko amateka akanavuga ko, n’Abanyarwanda bari hakurya nabo batangiye kubona akazi muri ibyo bigo , ndetse uko ababirigi bimukaga niko nabo bakoreshaga bimuka ga nkuko byari bimeze mu Rwanda uko imiryango ya bakire yimukaga yimukanaga na bagaragu bayo.
Abaturage b’imurenge bagiye baguka
Mu mwaka 1930 umuryango w’Abanyarwanda wabaga muri Congo wariyongereye cyane haza no kwiyongeraho impunzi nyinshi z’Abatutsi bahunze impinduramatwara 1959 kimwe 1960 ni impinduramatwara zari ziyobowe na Gregoire Kayibanda waje nokuba perezida w’u Rwanda. No mu myaka yari yabanje hari abandi bari bahunze, bahunga ikoreshwa ry’imirimo ivunanye kandi ikarishye Abanyarwanda bakoreshwaga n’Abakoroni hari n’abandi banyarwanda benshi baje guhunga bo mubwoko bwa batutsi igihe ibintu byari bimeze nabi mu Rwanda. Itotezwa ry’Abatutsi rikaze hagati yumwaka 1959 na 1964 ariko hari nabahunze mu myaka mike yakurikiyeho nko mu mwaka 1973
Muri iyo myaka abanyamulenge benshi bari bariyunze kunyeshyamba za simba zari zirimo abantu benshi bari bashyigikiye Patrice Lumumba mu mwaka 1964 na 1965 nyuma ibintu byaje guhindaka baza guhindura uruhande rwabo ubwo hazaga inyeshyamba zishaka abacanshuro barwanira umugabo warukomeye cyane waruzwi ku izina rya jean chikaram. uyu mugabo yahanganye ningabo za goverinoma ya Congo, yaje nogufata igice cyinini cya Congo y’iburasirazuba ashaka kugitegeka.
Abacanshuro n’ingabo za leta barimo bahanganira n’ubundi, ibice Abanyamulenge bari barahawe , buri umwe ashaka kugaburira ingabo ze amatungo y’Abanyamulenge babaga baragiye muri iyo misozi yasaga naho ibereye ubworozi. Abanyamulenge bavanze n’Abanyarwanda babonye ko inyeshyamba zibarembeje zibasahura amatungo yabo begereye perezida wa Congo icyo gihe yari Mumbutu Sese Seko bamusaba kubaha intwaro(imbunda) bakamufasha kurwanya izo nyeshyamba aho ziva zikanjyera.
Amateka avuga ko kungoma ya Mumbutu inyeshyamba nyinshi zishwe k’ubufatanye n’Abanyamulenge kandi muri izo nyehyambazi zishwe inyinshi zikaba zari izo mubwoko bw’Ababembe ,bari basazwe baturanye n’Abanyamulenge. byabaye amakimbirane yibihe byose kugeza na n’ubu, bigikomeje. Ababembe bafatanyaga ninyeshyambaza za jean chikaram bavuga ko byanze bikunze bagomba kwihorera bakivuna umwanzi witwa umunyamulenge watumye batsindwa benshi bakanicwa. Amateka avugako ubungubu aho umunyamulenge aciye umubembe ahanyuza umuriro na none aho umubembe aciye umunyamulenge ahanyuza umuriro niyo mateka akomeje kuranga uumubano uri hagati y’Ababembe na banyamulenge .
Nyuma inyeshyamba zimaze gutsindwa na leta ya Congo, ibifashijwe mo n’Abanyamulenge, leta ya Congo yatangiye kubagabira bamwe muri bo babonye imyanya ikomeye bashyirwa mubushorishori bw’ubutegetsi bwa Congo abandi mu gisirikare abandi baba abanyemari bakomeye abandi bashinga amatorero ni nsengero zikomeye muri Congo k’urundi ruhande ubwoko bw’Ababembe kubera kwigomeka k’ubutegetsi batangiye gukandamizwa kuburyo bugaragara. amatega avuga ko muri Congo ntayindi Ngoma yatotesheje Abanyamulenge nki Ngoma ya Mumbutu.
Mumpinduramatwara Abanyamulenge bari bazwi ho korora inka sibyo basigaye bazwiho gusa ahubwo bitewe n’imbaraga bari bafite kandi bashyigikiwe na leta ya Congo batangiye kwagura aho babaga bahagira hagari kandi nk’ubwoko babaga ahantu hamwe kandi hihariye hatandukanye nahandi bagombaga kwimura abandi bantu baturanye kandi babaga ari ubwoko butandukanye bagumye bagana mu manjyepfo muri Moba na Karimimi mu gihe abandi bagumye berekeza muri Rusizi no mubice byari byiganjemo abarundi bagerayo bagahita bayobora ntawe babajije bamwe bagumye mu mugi wa bukavu cyangwa se Uvira .
Amateka agaragaza gukira kudasazwe kw’Abanyamulenge bakize vuba gusa nyuma batangiye kwikubira bose kandi bonyine byatumye igice cy’imulenge ari naho izina ryabo Abanyamulenge ryaturutse batangiye kuvugako aho bari ari ubutaka bwabo bw’isezerano kuva icyo gihe batangiye kwanga kwitwa Abanyarwanda kuberako byari gutuma bafatwa nk’abanyamahanga kandi Mumbutu yarabahaye ubwene gihugu akabaha n’ubutaka akanabashyira mu butegetsi kuva icyo gihe bamaze gufata ibice byose by’i mulenge batangiye kwamagana umuntu wese wabita abahutu cyangwa Abatutsi cyangwa Abanyarwanda cyangwa se izina ryose ryabahuza n’u Rwanda.
1971 nibwo perezida Mombutu Sese Seko yahaye ubwene gihugu Abanyamulenye bageze muri Congo bahunze mu mwaka 1959 na 1963 mu mwaka 1976 nibwo ijambo Banyamulenge ryatangiye gukoreshwa cyane maze riranamamara cyane ryakoreshwejwe n’umunyamulenge wari umuminisitiri Abanyamulenge ba baga muri kivu yepfo bakanaba muri kivu ya ruguru, gusa hari ubundi bwoko bw’abantu ba banande na hunde batangiye kutumvikana nabanyamulenge ubu bwoko nabwo buvuga ko bwaba bukomoka mu Rwanda gusa n’ubwo inkomoko yabo bayigiriye muri Congo bitazwi neza.
Mu mwaka 1981 Zaire(RDC) yashyizeho itegeko rivugako abantu bose bo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo bazahabwa ubwenegihugu hashingiye kuba uzahabwa ubwene gihugu, azaba afite ibisekuruza bya Congo uhereye mu mwaka 1885 mwibuke umwaka twahereyeho hejuru hari ubwoko bw’Abafuriro bari mu bice bimwe n’Abanyamulenge batangiye kubamagana bavuga ko biyise gutya(Abanyamulenge) kugirango biyitiriye akagace ka mulenge kugirango bavuge ko ariho bavukiye, kandi ari agace kabo ka gakondo nimugihe abanyamulenge nabo bavugako aka gace nabo ari akabo, ibintu biba bitangiye kuba agatogo mugice cy’iburasirazuba bwa Congo.
1994 umunsi impuzi zongeye kwisuka muri Congo zimwe zinajya mubice byari byariswe ko ari iby’Abanyamulenge, ubuyobozi bwatangiye kwaka Abanyamulenge ubutaka bwabo ,bigizwemo uruhare n’ Ababembe kuko bahoraga bahanganye iteka.
Impunzi zahungiye muri Congo hari hinganjemo abahutu benshi hamwe n’abasirikare bari bavuye mu Rwanda bamwe muri bo bashinjwa ga ibyaha bya jenoside yar’imaze kuba mu Rwanda .
Ku ngoma ya Laurent-Désiré Kabila Abanyamulenge byaje kubabera bibi aho yagiye kubutegetsi avugako umuntu wese ufite aho ahuriye n’ingabo z’u Rwanda agomba ku rwanywa bivuye inyuma, kandi akarwanywa nkumwanzi wa Congo.
Muri iki gihe Abanyamulenge nabo bari mubagomba ga ku rwanywa kandi batangira kuba abanzi ba Congo. mwibuke ko Laurent-Désiré Kabila yageze k’ubutegetse afashijwe ningabo za FPR .
Yatagiye guha intwaro nyinshi imitwe y’Abamayimayi n’ingabo z’Abahutu zari muri Congo. aha FPR yagarutse muri Congo nayo itanga intwaro mubanyamulenge, nyuma abanyamulenge bitandukanije n’ingabo z’u Rwanda, bashinga imitwe yabo ari nayo yaje kuvamo irwana ubu n’ingabo za Congo.
Ngibyo imva nimvano yibiri kubera muri Congo kugeza ubu ariko ntitwavugako ibiri kubera muri Congo ubugizi bwa nabi buri gukorerwa abanyamulenge butagize aho buhuriye 100% n’amateka yurugamba yaranze imyaka myinshi uhereye 1880.
UMUTESI Jessica
