Kuri iyi tariki mu 1066 mu gace ka Grenade/Granada ko muri Espagne, habereye ubwicanyi bw’agahomamunwa ubwo imbaga y’abayisilamu yigabizaga ingoro y’umwami Badis al-Muzaffar, igafata Umuyahudi wari umujyanama aho ibwami, ariwe  Joseph ibn le Nagrela ikamubamba, nyuma hagakurikiraho kwica banshi mu baturage b’Abayahudi bari muri uwo mujyi. Bivugwa ko imiryango 1500 y’abantu 4000 yishwe kuri uwo munsi wo kuya 30 Ukuboza 1066.

**1911 : Uwitwa Sun Yat-sen yabaye perezida wa mbere w’u Bushinwa kugeza kuya 10 Werurwe 1912. Yabumazeho amezi 2 n’iminsi 10 , aza gupfa mu 1925, afite imyaka 58. Niwe ufatwa nk’umubyeyi washinze u Bushinwa bwo mu bihe  bigezweho. Gusa u Bushinwa bugezweho bwaje guhura n’indi mpindukan ikaze yo mu 1959 yari iyobowe na Mao Tse-toung wabuhaye umurongo mugari bwubakiyeho mu nzego nyinshi z’ubuzima bw’icyo gihugu.

**1922 : Havutse ku mugaragaro igihugu cya Republika zunze ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti bigizwemo uruhare na Vladimir Lenine afatanyije na Joseph Staline.

Izi Republika za 15 zaje gusenyuka kuya 26 Ukuboza 1991, umurongo zari zifite usa n’aho usigaranywe n’igihugu cy’u Burusiya. Perezida wariho icyo gihe izo Republika z’Abasoviyete zisenyuka ni Mikhaïl Gorbatchev. Uwakomerejeho ariko noneho ari perezida wa mbere w’u Buruisya ni Boris Eltsine kugeza mu 1999, ubwo yasimburwaga na Vladimir Poutine.

**1947: Hadutse intambara ya mbere yo muri Cachemire, hagati y’u Buhinde na Pakistan bipfa ako karere kugeza n’ubu. Icyo gihe  haduka intambara ya mbere, byiyemeje kugeza ikibazo mu muryango w’abibumbye wari umaze imyaka 2 uvutse.

Intambara yo muri Cachemire yakomeje guhinduka intambara yo gushaka kugira ijambo kuri ako karere hagati y’ibyo bihugu byombi, hiyongeraho imitwe y’aba Cachemirs bashaka kwigenga ndetse n’u Bushinwa  buyinjiramo guhera mu 1959 nk’igihugu cyaje kugira umupaka ukora kuri ako gace. Iyi ntambara ya mbere yahagaze mu mpera za 1949, Cashemire ikaswemo kabiri.

Mu 1962, habaye ubushyamirane muri Cachemire noneho  hagati y’u Buhinde n’u Bushinwa, imara ukwezi kumwe gusa.

Mu 1965, imirwano yongeye kubura hagati y’u Buhinde na Pakistan. Iyi ntambara ya kabiri yarangiye mu 1966.  Byongeye kurwana mu 1984 no mu 1999. Muri 2016 habaye imvururu z’abaturage ba Cachemire bivumbuye ku Buhinde, icyo gihe, abagera kuri 60 barapfuye, naho ababndi amagana barakomereka .

**1960 : Karol Wojtyła yabaye arikiyepiskopi wa Cracovie muri Pologne. Uyu Karol Józef Wojtyła  niwe waje nyiuma gutorwa kuba papa wa 264 wa Kilizizya gatolika ku isi, ku mazina ya Yohani Pahulo wa kabiri. Ni ukuva mu Kwakira 1978 kugeza kuya 2 Mata 2005 ubwo yitabaga Imana.

**1965 : Ferdinand Marcos yabaye perezida wa 10 wa Philippines kugeza mu 1986. Nyuma ye hagiyeho Mme Corazon Aquino wabaye umugore wa mbere ugiye kuri uwo mwanya aho muri Philippines, umwanya yamazeho imyaka 6.

Nyuma  yo kuva ku butegetsi yamazeho imyaka isaga 20, Ferdinand Marcos n’umugore we Imelda Marcos bahimbaga ikinyugugu cy’icyuma, bashinjwe kunyereza miliyari nyinshi z’amadolari y’Amerika.

**1972 : Nibwo Richard Nixon wari perezida wa 37 wa USA, yategetse ko kurasa ibisasu kuri Viet Nama bihagarara. Ni mu gikorwa cyiswe “ Linebacker II cyari cyatangiye kuya 18 Ukuboza muri uwo mwaka”.

**1975 : Hashinzwe Republika iharanira dsemokarasi ya Madagascar.

** Kuri iyo tariki kandi hanavutse Umunyamerika Tiger Woods wamamaye mu mukino wa Golf.  Yavukiye muri leta ya California, afite amazina ya Eldrick Tont Woods. Mu kwezi kwa gatanu 2019, Tiger Woods yambitswe na Perezida Donald Trump umudali w’ikirengwa uhabwa abasivili baba barabaye indashyikirwa mu guhesha ishema USA.

** 1993 : Leta ya Vatican ku cyicaro gikuru cya kiliziya gatoliak ku isi na leta ya Israel batangiye kugirana umubano wabo wa mbere, ushingiye kukugira abahagariye ibyo bihugu muri buri leta.

**2002 : Mwai Kibaki, wari watowe kuya 27 Ukoboza muri uwo mwaka, yarahiye nka perezida mushya wa Kenya, asimbuye Daniel Arao Moi.

**2004 : Amasezdrano mashya yasinywe hagati ya perezida wa Senegal Abdoulaye Wade na padiri Augustin Diamacoune Senghor, wari ukuriye inyeshyamba zo mu gace ka Casamance muri icyo gihugu cya Senegal. Izo nyeshyamba zo mu mutwe wa MFDC zishaka ubwigenge bwa Casamance.

**2006: Nibwo Saddam Hussein yishwe amanitswe. Saddam yabaye perezida wa 5 wa Irak  wabaye perezi, ancien président de l’Irak kuva mu 1979 kugeza afashwe mpiri ku itariki ya 13 Ukuboza 2003 ubwo yakurwaga ku butegetsi n’intambara yashojwe n’uwari perezida wa USa George W. Bush afatanyije n’uwari Ministri w’intebe w’u Bwongereza Tony Blair bamushinja kugira ibitwaro by’ubumara bitigeze biboneka. Kuriki cyaha  hiyongeragaho kugirana umubano n’umutwe w’iterabwoba wa Al Qaeda wayoborwaga na Oussama Bin Laden. Ubundi amazina yose ya Saddam Hussein ni Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti .

*Kuri iyo tariki kandi habaye impanuka y’irohama ry’ubwato  bwo muri Indonesia bwitwa Senopati Nusantara. Harokotse abantu 212, haboneka  imirambo 12 yonyine, naho abandi barenga 400 baburirwa irengero kugeza n’ubu.

**2007: Tariki ya 30 Ukuboza mu mwaka 2007, nibwo Komisiyo y’amatora muri Kenya yatangaje ko Mwai Kibaki yongeye gutsinda amatora ku mugaragaro, maze biba intandaro y’imvururu n’amakimbirane bishingiye ku moko byibasiye Kenya kugeza mu ntangiriro za 2008. Hapfue abarenga 1000 naho abandi ibihumbi 600 bateshwa ingo zabo.

**2011: Uyu munsi wo kuya 30 Ukuboza 2011 wasibwe kuri kalendari y’ibihugu bya Samoa na Tokelau biherereye mu Nyanja ya Pasifika, mu burasirazuba bw’iyo gihera. Ibi bihugu byombi byahise bigera ku iariki ya 31 Ukuboza, biba bihinduye umurongo w’ihinduka ry’amatariki, uhita ujya mu burasirazuba bw’ibyo bihugu, aho kuguma mu burengerazuba bwabo.

Iki cyemezo ngo cyafashwe mu rwego rwo koroshya ubucuruzi hagati y’ibi bihugu n’ibindi birimo by’umwihariko Australia, Nlle-Zelande n’umugabane w’Aziya. Ngo byarakunze kuko icyari inzitizi y’umunsi umwe w’ikinyuranyo hagati y’amasaha y’izo mpande zombie cyari cyakuweho hasimbukwa tariki ya 30 Ukuboza 2011.

**2013 : Habaye ibitero muri RD CIngo, aho abanyamakuru ba radio na Teliviziyo  by’igihugu, bagabwehon igitero n’abantu bitwaje intwaro babafata bugwate. Abo bantu bigambaga ko ari aba Pastori  Paul Joseph Mukungubila Mutombo, uyobora l’Église du Seigneur Jésus-Christ “ cg se tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda  “Itorero ry’Umwami Yesu-Kristo”.

Icyo gihe itangazamakuru ryafashe ibyo bitero nk’umugambi wo gushaka guhirika ubutegetsi, Guverinoma ivuga ko ari igitero cy’iterabwoba, ibintu nyirubwite Paul Joseph Mukungubila yateye utwatsi, ahubwo avuga ko ari ingaruka z’inzirakarengane z’abasivili ziciwe ubusa na police  n’ingabo.

**2018: Nibwo muri icyo gihugu cya RDC habaye amatora y’umukuru w’igihugu, ay’abadepie n’ayo ku rwego rw’intara. Yavuyemo peerzida mushya Felix Antoine Tshisekedi Tshilombo.

Ni amatora yimuwe inshuro nyinshin uhereye muri 2016, ahagombaga kuba amatora yo gushaka usimbura perezida Joseph Kabila Kabange wari ku butegetsi kuva muri 2001.

Ibikorwa byo kwiyamamaza mu mpera za 2018 byaranzwe no guhangana gukomeye hagati y’abakandida 3 bari bakomeye, aribo: Emmanuel Ramazani Shadary wari watoranyijwe na  Joseph Kabila ngo ahagararire uruhande rwe, hakaba Félix Tshisekedi, umuhungu wa Etienne Tshisekedi wamenyekanye cyane mu kutavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi kuva ku bwa Mobutu Sese Seko. Undi wa gatatu mu abri bakomeye ni Martin Fayulu wari uhagarariye igice kimwe cy’amashyaka atavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi.

Ubwo hatangazwaga ibyavuye muri aya mtora, Félix Tshisekedi yagize amajwi asaga gato 38%, bituma aza imbere ya Martin Fayulu wagize amajwi hafi 35%, naho Emmanuel Ramazani Shadary aza ku mwanya wa gatatu n’amajwi 23%.

Ibyavuye mu matora bikimara gutangazwa, byahise byamaganirwa kure na Martin Fayulu naho inama y’abapisikopi gatolika itangaza ko ibyabwiwe rubanda binyuranye n’ibyakusanyijwe n’indorerezi za Kiliziya gatolika ibihumbi 40 yari yohereje hirya no hino gukurikirana ayo matora. Iby’izi ndorerezi byerekanaga ko intsinzi ari iya Martin Fayulu, ndetse ibi ngo byaje gushimangirwa n’inyandiko yanyereye ivuye muri komisiyo y’amatora tariki ya 15 y’ukwezi kwa mbere 2019.

Guverinoma yari iriho icyo gihe ya Joseph Kabila yashinjwe kandi inengwa kuba yarananiwe gutporesha umukandida wayo ariwe Emmanuel Ramazani Shadary, maze ngo ibonye biyishobeye, ihitamo guha intsinzi umukandida ucisha make wok u ruhande rutavugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi. Ngo ni uko  hagezweho umwumvikano hagati ya Tshisekedi na Kabila, umwumvikano wahaye perezidansi Tshisekedi, naho Kabila yegukana ko guverinoma ijya mu maboko ye, kimwe n’indi myanya ikomeye, anyuze kandi mu kuyobora inteko ishinga amategeko y’igihugu n’izo ku rwego rw’intara.

Muri Mutarama 2019,  Felix Tshisekedi yatangajwe burundu ko ari we watsinze amatora y’umukuru w’igihugu, anahita anarahira, bituma aba perezida wa 5 w’icyo gihugu kuva cyabona ubwigenge mu 1960, ndetse anandika amateka yo kuba uwa mbere usimburanye n’undi mu mahoro.

Jeadanis Nyirinkindi.