Inkuru bwite y’umuyobozi w’ishami rishinzwe iterambere rirambye muri UNPD ’’Bernardin Uzayisaba’’
Mu ma saa moya z’umugoroba ubwo nari ntashye mva mu kazi, nahuye n’abagore n’abakobwa bikoreye imitwaro minini y’inkwi, numva binkoze ku mutima ndahagarara ngira ngo tuganire kuko nari mfite amakuru y’uko bakora urugendo rw’amasaha arenga ane ku munsi bajya gutashya inkwi. Ntibashobora kuba babona ibicanwa bitangiza ikirere cyangwa ikindi bakwifashisha mugihe bashaka guteka .
Muri aba bagore, harimo ababyeyi bahetse abana, hamwe n’abana b’abakobwa bafite imyaka iri hagati ya 10 na 15.
Inkuru y’aba bagore ntaho itandukaniye n’iy’umubyeyi wanjye mu myaka ya 1990, wakubitaga hirya no hino ashaka uko yaza kutubonera ifunguro ariko kenshi akazitirwa no kubura inkwi zo kubiteka, ndetse n’uburyo njye n’abavandimwe banjye hari igihe twasibaga ishuri twagiye gushaka inkwi zo gutekesha.
Mama yarwanye intambara itoroshye ngo njye n’abavandimwe banjye twige, ndetse tubigeraho, ariko nibuka uko abenshi mu bakobwa twiganaga bagiye bava mu ishuri akenshi bitewe n’izo nshingano zo kujya gushaka inkwi.
Na mushiki wanjye yahuye n’iyi nzitizi ava mu ishuri kubera imirimo yo mu rugo irimo no gutashya inkwi, ariko mama aza kwigira inama yo kugana amatsinda y’abagore yo kwiteza imbere ngo abone amafaranga ahagije agura inkwi kandi anasubize mushiki wanjye mu ishuri.
Kuba abenshi mu bagore badafite ubushobozi bwo kwigondera ibicanwa bitangiza ikirere n’ingufu zisazura mu mirimo ijyanye no guteka ni imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye zikibangamiye iterambere ryabo n’iry’imiryango yabo.
Ibi bituma ikibazo cy’uburinganire n’ubwuzuzanye kirushaho gukomera, bikagabanya ubushobozi bwo kwihaza mu biribwa, bikurura ubukene ndetse bituma ubuzima burushaho guhenda mu miryango icyugarijwe n’ubukene bukabije.
Mu ntambara itoroshye yo gushakisha ibicanwa, abagore n’abakorwa bahuriramo n’ingorane zirimo n’ihohoterwa bakorerwa n’abagabo kugeza no ku rishingiye ku gitsina haba igihe bari mu mashyamba basenya inkwi no mu ijoro batashye.
Nyamara hari ibisubizo byinshi byagiye bishakwa birimo gukoresha ‘Biogaz’ bishobora kunozwa neza ku buryo byarandura za mvugo zigira ziti ‘nta bicanwa nta funguro’ cyangwa ‘nta nkwi nta kujya ku ishuri’.
Ibyavuye mu ibarura rusange ry’abaturage n’imiturire ryo mu 2022 bigaragaza ko mu Rwanda hose Abanyarwanda bacana inkwi ari 76%, umubare munini ukiganza mu bice by’icyaro aho 93% by’ingo zaho zicana inkwi, na ho mu bice by’imijyi ingo zingana na 50% zicana amakara, izingana na 34% zicana inkwi mu gihe 13% bonyine bacana gaz.
Iyi mibare iracyari mike ugereranyije n’intego igihugu gifite ko muri 2024, ingo zicana inkwi zizaba zigeze kuri 42%.
Iki kibazo gishobora kurushaho gukomera mu bihe biri imbere kubera ko abantu batari bakangukira gushora imari mu ngufu zisazura zikoreshwa mu guteka, ndetse no kuba nta mafaranga ashorwa mu guhanga ikoranabuhanga rishya ryafasha kubona ibicanwa, kuriteza imbere kandi bikaza bihendutse.
Bimeze gutya mu gihe intambara yo muri Ukraine n’u Burusiya yakomye mu nkokora ubucuruzi bwa gaz yavaga muri ibyo bihugu byombi iza muri Afurika, byatumye gaz iba nkeya ku isoko n’ibiciro byayo birazamuka bidasize iby’inkwi n’amakara.
Mu 2022, Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe Iterambere, UNDP Rwanda ryatangije gahunda yo gufasha ingo kubona ingufu zo gutekesha za biogaz hakoreshejwe amase y’inka n’amazi, bigakora nibura amasaha atanu ku munsi.
Biogaz yabungabunzwe neza ishobora kumara imyaka 10, bivuze ko yaba igisubizo kirambye mu rugendo rwo gushaka ibicanwa bitangiza ibidukikije kandi bihendutse. Uyu mushinga watangiriye ku ngo 500 zo mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba (Rwamagana na Ngoma).
Ingufu za Biogaz ni zimwe mu zisazura zitangiza ikirere, zihorana isuku kandi zikoreshwa mu guteka, kumurika no kubyaza umusaruro imyanda ikomoka ku mazi yo mu ngo. Gukoresha biogaz byatiza ingufu gahunda y’isuku no guca intege indwara z’ubuhumekero ziterwa n’imyotsi y’inkwi n’amakara.
Gusa igiciro cya biogaz kuri ubu kirahanitse cyane, kuko bitorohera imiryango myinshi mu Rwanda kubona 1000$ (asaga miliyoni mu mafaranga y’u Rwanda) akenewe ngo urugo rwubakirwe ibisabwa byose birufasha gucana biogaz.
Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, abantu benshi bakeneye koroherezwa kugera kuri serivisi z’imari, kubona ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga ryisumbuye ryatuma ibiciro by’iyi serivisi birushaho kumanuka.
Guverinoma y’u Rwanda n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo bakwiriye gushakira ibisubizo imbogamizi zituma abagore batagera ku bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga. Ibi byatuma bashobora kwisanga mu mirimo itandukanye ibyara inyungu kandi bigateza imbere uburinganire.
NIYONKURU Florentine.
