Tariki ya 30 Kamena mu mwaka 1960 nibwo Repbulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (Yitwaga Congo Mbiligi) yabonye ubwigenge ku ngoma ya gashakabuhake w’Umubiligi.
Kuri uyu munsi Abanyekongo barizihiza isabukuru ya 62 babonye ubwigenge. Kimwe mu bikorwa biri bukorwe uyu munsi ni uguha icyubahiro no gushyingura iryinyo rimwe rya Patrice Emely Lumumba wari mu mpirimbanyi zagejeje iki gihugu ku bwigenge butavugwaho rumwe nk’uko tugiye kubirebera hamwe muri iyi nkuru.
Inshamake ku Gukolonizwa kwa Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo
Mu mwaka 1884-1885 mu Budage hateraniye inama yiswe iya Berlin yatumijwe na Otto Von Bismarck. Iyi nama yigiwemo uko ibihugu by’Uburayi byari bikomeye icyo gihe byigabagabanya ibihugu bya Afurika. Ni muri urwo rwego Congo yaje kwisanga mu maboko y’Ububiligi ari umutungo Bwite w’Umwami w’Ububiligi Leopold II.
Kuva mu mwaka 1885 kugeza mu 1908. Congo yari mu maboko y’Umwami Leopold II, aho ibyavaga mu butaka bwayo byinjiraga mu mutungo we bwite, uhereye ku bicukurwa mu butaka ukageza ku bacakara bavanwaga muri iki gihugu.
Kuva mu mwaka 1908, Inteko ishingamategeko y’Ububiligi yarateranye maze yanzura ko Congo yari iya Leopold yinjira mu bigize umutungo w’Iguhugu aho kuba umutungo w’Umwami ku giti cye. Ibyo ni nako byagenze maze ihindurirwa izina yitwa Congo Mbiligi (Congo Belge).
Nyuma y’inkundura y’impirimbanyi z’impinduramatwara zari ziyobowe na Patrice Emely Lumumba,Joseph Kasavubu na Mobutu Sese Sese Seko, Congo yaje kubona Ubwigenge tariki ya 30 Kamena 1960.
Coup d’Etat zihagarikiwe n’Ububiligi, Umutekano muke mu gihugu indorerwamo yo Kwigenga igice!
Congo ikimara Kubona Ubwigenge yitwaga Repubulika ya Congo. Iri zina ikaba yari irihuriyeho na Repubulika ya Congo (Congo Brazzaville) nayo yahisemo kuryitwa kuwa 15 Kanama 1960 ubwo nayo yabonaga ubwigenge ku Bufaransa bwari bwarayikolonije. Ibi byatezaga urujijo mu gutandukanya ibihugu byombi ari nabyo byatumaga ibihugu byombi bitandukanwa n’imirwa mikuru yabyo. Aho Congo yahoze mu maboko y’Abafaransa yitwaga Brazzaville naho iy’Ababiligi ikitwa Congo Leopoldville.
Mu mwaka 1971, nyuma y’imyaka 6 Mobutu Sese Seko ahiritse Ubutegetsi bwa Joseph Kasavubu, yahisemo guhindura izina rya Congo, ayita Zaire. Iki gihugu cyakomeje Kwitwa gutyo kugeza mu mwaka 1997,Inyeshyamba zari ziyobowe na Laurent Desire Kabila zihiritse ubutegetsi bwa Mbutu wiyitaga Ingwe ya Zaire, maze igihugu gisubirana izina ryacyo, cyirwa Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ari naryo gifite kugeza ubu.
Ibabazo uruhuri mu gihugu
Kuva Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo yabona Ubwigenge hamaze guhererekanwa ubutegetsi inshuro 1 gusa. Mobutu yaritse Kasavubu muri 1965, Mobutu ahirikwa na Laurent Kabila (1997) . Kabila ubutegetsi abusigira umuhungu we Joseph Kabila we waje kuburekura mu mahoro biciye mu matora nawe asimburwa na Tshisekedi.
Kuva ku butegetsi bwa Desire Kabila, Umuhungu we Joseph Kabila , gugeza ku butegetsi bwa Feleix Tshisekedi, RD Congo ntiyahwemye kuba isibaniro ry’imitwe y’inyeshyamba aho, kuri ubu ihabarirwa bivugwa ko igera ku 130.
Muri iyi mitwe higanjemo iy’Abanyekongo ivuka k’ubwo kwishakira amahaho ku mabuye y’agaciro iki gihugu gikizeho. Haniyongeraho kandi imitwe irwanya ubutegetsi bw’ibihugu bituranyi na Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ibona iki gihugu nk’ubutaka bwiza bwo gukoreraho imyitozo.
Ni muri uru rwego FDLR ihamaze imyaka 28 muri iki gihugu ari nako ihategurira imigambi yayo mibisha ku butegetsi bw’u Rwanda.
Ibi ni nako bimeze ku mitwe nka ADF irwanya Uganda. FNL na RED Tabara irwanya ubutegetsi bw’u Burundi n’indi myinshi.
Abanyapolitiki b’iki gihugu bazwiho kuba bizera Abanyabulayi kurusha uko biyizera bo ubwabo ari nabyo bituma abasesengura Ubwigenge bwizihizwa none bavuga ko ari bumwe bwo mu mpapuro gusa.
Kuri uyu munsi hibukwa Ubwigenge hanazirikanwa intwari zabuharaniye harimo Patrice Lumumba n’abandi benshi bafashe iya Mbere mu kurwanya ingoyi ya bagashakabuhake.
Uyu munsi kandi uraza ari umwihariko kuko hari bushyingurwe iryinyo rimwe rya Patrice Lumumba riherutse koherezwa n’Ubwami bw’Ububiligi nka kimwe mu bisigazwa by’iyi Ntwari byabonetse.
Urupfu rwa Lumumba n’amabanga yaje mu guhisha umurambo we tuzabigarukaho mu nkuru zacu z’ubutaha.
Ubwigenge bwiza ku batuye igihugu cya Lumumba nk’uko abenshi bakunze kucyita.
