Mwalimu Julius Kambaraga Nyerere ni umwe mu bagabo bake ba Afurika bubashywe bakiriho na nyuma yo kwitaba Imana. Azwi cyane ku ruhare yagize mu kubona ubwigenge bwa byinshi mu bihugu bya Afurika no gushyigikira byimazeyo abagaragazaga inyota y’impinduka iganisha aheza umugabane wa Afurika.
Yitabye Imana ku munsi nk’uyu tariki 14 Ukwakira mu 1999, aguye mu bitaro bya St Thomas i Londres, nyuma y’iminsi mike agize ikibazo cyo guturika kw’imitsi y’ubwonko.
Buri gihugu kigira uko kimwibuka bitewe n’ibyo yagikoreye, ariko ku Rwanda ho ni umwihariko kuko yarubaniye neza kuva rubonye ubwigenge kugeza mu 1999 ubwo yashiragamo umwuka.
Nyerere yakunze kwifuza u Rwanda rubanye mu mahoro, rudashyira imbere amoko ariko si ko byagenze kuko rwamutengushye mu 1994 hakaba Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Yayoboye Tanzania nka Perezida kuva mu 1964 kugeza mu 1985. Muri iyo myaka yose yabaniye neza u Rwanda arufasha mu bikorwa bitandukanye by’iterambere.
Bimwe mu byo abanyarwanda bamwibukiraho:
Ubuhahirane hagati ya Tanzania n’u Rwanda
Ku bwa Nyerere, yifuzaga ko ibihugu bya Afurika bigirana ubuhahirane bikiteza imbere. U Rwnada nk’igihugu kidakora ku nyanja, rwari rukeneye uburyo burubashisha kugeza ibicuruzwa no kubivana mu gihugu bijya mu mahanga.
Ibyo byatumye tariki 15 Gashyantare 1973 Perezida Gregoire Kayibanda na Nyerere bafungura ku mugaragaro ikiraro cya Rusumo gihuza Tanzania n’u Rwanda cyuzuye gitwaye miliyoni 3.8 z’amashilingi ya Tanzania. Amasezerano yo kucyubaka yari yarasinywe mu 1966 ariko imirimo itangira mu 1971.
Umubano wa Tanzania n’u Rwanda warakomeje no muri Repubulika ya kabiri ya Habyarimana Juvenal.
Tariki 11 Gashyantare 1976, Perezida Habyarimana wari umaze imyaka ibiri ku butegetsi ashaka ko Leta ye yemerwa n’amahanga by’umwihariko igihugu gikomeye kandi cy’igituranyi nka Tanzania, yagiriye uruzinduko muri icyo gihugu.
Yakiriwe na Perezida Nyerere mu Mujyi wa Mwanza, baganira cyane ku bikorwa by’iterambere birimo iyubakwa ry’umuhanda Kigali- Rusumo no gushaka uko hubakwa igice kiva ku Rusumo gikomeza kugeza Isaka muri Tanzania.
Bivugwa ko mu gushyira ingufu kuri Tanzania, u Rwanda rwashakaga andi mahitamo rwajya rwitabaza mu gihe umuhanda wa Kigali-Kampala –Mombasa ugize ikibazo.
Ntibyatinze, tariki 11 Gicurasi 1978 Perezida Nyerere agirira uruzinduko rw’iminsi itatu mu Rwanda. Icyo gihe abakuru b’ibihugu bombi bemeje ko umubano w’ibihugu byabo uhagaze neza.
Mu Rwanda, Nyerere yasuye aho bacukura nyiramugengeri, asura uruganda rutunganya ibireti mu Ruhengeri, yakirwa n’abarwanashyaka ba MRND kuri Stade ya Ruhengeri, akora umuganda anasura n’imirima y’ikawa i Kanombe ndetse n’uruganda rwenga urwagwa.
Icyo gihe hemejewe ko bashakisha amafaranga yo gushyira kaburimbo mu muhanda Rusumo -Isaka, gutangiza umushinga wa gari ya moshi uhuza ibihugu byombi n’uburyo bwo kwagura icyambu cya Dar es Salaam.
Yemeye gutuza abanyarwanda
Kubera ikibazo cy’ubwiyongere bw’abaturage mu Rwanda, muri urwo ruzinduko Nyerere yemeye ko ashobora no gutanga ubutaka abanyarwanda bagera ku bihumbi 500 bakimukira muri Tanzania.
Tariki 13 Nyerere agiye guhaguruka asubira muri Tanzania yagize ati “Twiteguye no kwakira abanyarwanda 500 000 icyarimwe kuko dufite ahantu hanini hadatuwe. Abazaza bazashyirwa mu midugudu izwi nka Ujamaa nkuko abandi Banyatanzaniya bameze.”
Nyuma y’uruzinduko rwa Nyerere mu Rwanda, Tanzania yahise ifungura ambasade yayo i Kigali. Umubano wa Tanzania n’u Rwanda wakomeje kuba mwiza kugeza ubwo yavaga ku butegetsi mu 1985.
Yitaye ku banyarwanda bari impunzi
Ku butegetsi bwa Nyerere, benshi mu banyarwanda bari barameneshejwe na Repubuka ya mbere bagakumirwa n’iya kabiri, bahawe ubuhungiro muri Tanzania, bamwe banemererwa kwiga no gukora muri icyo gihugu.
Nubwo yavuye ku butegetsi, Nyerere yakomeje kugira ijambo rikomeye mu miyoborere ya Tanzania cyane cyane binyuze mu ishyaka CCM. Yakomeje gukunda Abanyarwanda cyane, by’umwihariko guharanira ko ikibazo cy’impunzi z’abanyarwanda zari zarahejejwe ishyanga zitaha.
Yaharaniye ko igihugu cye kiba umuhuza mu masezerano y’amahoro hagati ya Leta ya Habyarimana na FPR Inkotanyi yari mu rugamba rwo kubohora igihugu.
Nubwo ayo masezerano atageze ku ntego yayo, uwo muhate Nyerere yagaragaje, yarawushimiwe mu 2009 ubwo Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yamuhaga umudari w’ishimwe uzwi nk’Uruti, kubw’ubufasha bwe mu rugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda.
Yabaye Umujyanama w’u Rwanda rushya
Tariki 4 Nyakanga 2009, Perezida Kagame mu izina ry’Abanyarwanda yambitse umudari w’ishimwe Madamu Maria Nyerere, kubw’umuhate umugabo we yagaragaje afasha mu rugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda.
Uwo munsi Perezida Kagame yagaragaje uburyo Nyerere na nyuma y’urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu, yakunze gufasha u Rwanda no kuruha inama kenshi.
Yagize ati “Tanzania yiyemeje kuba umuhuza mu rugendo rwari rugamijje gukemura amakimbirane yari amaze igihe mu gihugu cyacu. Na nyuma ya Jenoside, Mwalimu Nyerere yatubaye hafi, agasura kenshi u Rwanda ariko atanga inama zuje ubunararibonye mu bibazo byabaga bitwugarije.”
No mu minsi ye ya nyuma, Nyerere yakomeje kurwana ku Rwanda agira uruhare mu biganiro bigamije kugarura amahoro mu burasirazuba bwa Congo, hashyirwayo ingabo za Loni zigamije guhangana n’izo nyeshyamba ziganjemo izashakaga kugaruka gusenya u Rwanda.
Nubwo Nyerere yatengushywe n’u Rwanda rwa mbere ya Jenoside, nyuma y’imyaka 25 ba banyarwanda yifuzaga ko bunga ubumwe byarakunze, iterambere yashakiraga Tanzania n’u Rwanda riragerwaho gahoro gahoro ndetse ibihugu byombi bifitanye imishinga ikomeye y’iterambere harimo n’uwo yatangije wo kubaka umuhanda wa gariyamoshi uhuza u Rwanda na Tanzania.
