Nubwo ibihugu byinshi bya Africa bigowe no kubona inkingo za Covid-19, doze zibarirwa mu bihumbi zataye agaciro.
Ni ibihe bihugu bifite inkingo bitakoresheje?
Malawi yasigaranye doze 16,400 z’urukingo rwa Oxford-AstraZeneca, mu gihe Sudan y’epfo ifite 59,000 – zose ubu zarengeje itariki yazo yo gukoreshwa, 13 z’ukwa kane.
Ibi bihugu byombi bivuga ko byafashe umwanzuro wo kwangiza izi nkingo, byahawe n’umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Africa (AU), nubwo ishami rya ONU ryita ku buzima ku isi (OMS/WHO) ryabasabye kuzigumana ngo riperereze niba igihe cyazo cyo guta agaciro kitakongerwa ntibigire ingaruka.
Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo, hagati aho, yo ivuga ko idashobora gukoresha doze miliyoni 1.7 z’urukingo rwa Oxford-AstraZeneca yahawe mu mugambi wa Covax, wo gusaranganya inkingo mu bihugu bikennye.
Kugeza mu mpera y’ukwezi kwa kane, doze zigera hafi ku 1,000 gusa ni zo zari zimaze guterwa abantu muri icyo gihugu.
Kandi nyinshi muri izi nkingo – zizatakaza agaciro tariki 24/6 – ziri koherezwa muri Togo na Ghana, iyi ni kimwe mu bihugu byamaze gukoresha inkingo zose cyari cyahawe mbere.
Kuki inkingo zitakoreshejwe?
Urukingo rwa Oxford-AstraZeneca rushobora kubikwa neza mu bukonje busanzwe kugeza ku mezi atandatu nyuma y’uko rukozwe.
Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Africa ubu uri gutanga inkingo zari zahawe mbere Africa y’epfo mu kwezi kwa kabiri, zifite itariki yo guta agaciro ya 13/4.
Leta ya Africa y’Epfo yahisemo kutazikoresha, ivuga impungenge z’uko zidakingira bihagije ubwoko bushya bwa Covid muri iki gihugu.
Mu mpera z’ukwa gatatu, miliyoni imwe ya doze yaguzwe n’Ubumwe bwa Africa ngo zihabwe ibindi bihugu bya Africa.
Ariko bimwe, nka Sudani y’epfo, bivuga ko bitabwiwe igihe izo nkingo zizatera agaciro.
Nigeria yo, hagati aho, ivuga ko itazabona uko itera abantu izo nkingo zose mbere y’uko zita agaciro.
Bityo zimwe zahise zohererezwa abaturanyi Togo na Ghana.
Zimwe ndetse zoherejwe no muri Jamaica.
OMS ivuga ko Togo na Gambia ari byo gusa byakoresheje inkingo byahawe mbere y’uko zirenza igihe cyazo cyagenwe.
Amakuru ku byabaye mu bindi bihugu kugeza ubu ntazwi neza.
Ni iki cyateye gukerereza gukoresha inkingo?
Ibihugu byinshi byananiwe kwitegura mbere yo kwakira inkingo, nk’uko bivugwa na Phionah Atuhebwe, wo mu ishami rya Africa rya OMS.
Ati: “Iyo ni imwe mu mpamvu turi kubona kugenda buhoro mu gukingira”.
Ibindi bihugu byo byahuye n’ingorane y’imari.
John Nkengasong ukuriye ikigo Africa Centres for Disease Control (CDC) cy’Ubumwe bwa Africa, avuga ko ibihugu bikeneye gufashwa kongera umubare w’abakozi bo kwa muganga n’imyambaro irinda abaganga (PPE).
Avuga kandi ko ibihugu bifite inkingo zigiye cyangwa zarengeje igihe bishobora kugana OMS cyangwa Africa CDC.
Ati: “Umugabane wose uzi gukingira kandi wagiye ukingira izindi ndwara. Ariko icy’ingenzi ni ukumenya kubyongera – no… ku muvuduko”.
Kuri DR Congo, ikibazo si serivisi z’urwego rutoya z’ubuzima gusa, ahubwo n’ubwikorezi bugoye – bituma kugeza inkingo mu bice by’icyaro ari ingorane.
Mu gukomera kurushaho, DR Congo yahagaritse gukoresha urukingo rwa AstraZeneca hagati mu kwezi kwa gatatu, igihe hari ugushidikanya kuri rwo, ibisubukura tariki 19/4 – haciye ukwezi kurenga.
Ibyo gushidikanya urukingo byo?
Inzobere zimwe n’abanyapolitiki bavuga ko izi mpungenge ku buziranenge zavuye ku guha amakuru macye ibihugu byinshi bya Africa – ariko biragoye kumenya ingano y’iyi mpamvu ivugwa.
Austin Demby, Minisitiri w’ubuzima wa Sierra Leone, yabwiye BBC ati: “Byafashe igihe kwemeza abantu.
“Rero ntabwo ari ugushidikanya urukingo gusa, ni nko kubanza kwibaza neza ibyarwo.”
Gama Bandawe, umuhanga muri za virusi wo muri Malawi, avuga ko kutizera inkingo byagize uruhare mu gutuma iki gihugu kitabasha gukoresha inkingo cyahawe.
Icyemezo cya Africa y’epfo cyo guhagarika gukoresha AstraZeneca, mu gihe hari impungenge ko rutera kuvura kw’amaraso, bishobora kuba byarongereye ziriya mpungenge no gushidikanya.
Bandawe ati: “Leta yakoze ibyo ishoboye byose – ariko birashoboka ko rubanda yo itari yiteguye kurwakira nk’uko byari byitezwe.”
Ku kigereranyo, abagera hafi kuri 20% basubije bavuze ko batakwiteza izi nkingo – ariko icyo gice cy’abantu kiri ku ijanisha riri hagati yo munsi ya 10% muri Ethiopia, Niger na Tunisia na 41% muri DR Congo.
