Amasaka ni igihingwa cyiza gifite intunga mubiri nyishi zitandukanye kandi zifitiye umubiri akamaro, kimaze imyaka irenga 10,000, ariko ibyiza byacyo ku buzima bw’umuntu ni byinshi ku buryo ari byiza ko abantu bazajya bayashyira ku mafunguro yabo ya buri munsi.
Nk’uko tubikesha urubuga Observatoire des Aliments , ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko hashize imyaka igera ku 10,000 amasaka atangiye kugaragara muri Sudani no mu Misiri.
Amasaka ahingwa cyane cyane muri Afurika, ariko anahingwa mu Buhinde, muri Amerika no mu Bufaransa.
Habaho ubwoko bwinshi bw’amasaka, ni yo mpamvu akoreshwa mu buryo bunyuranye, nko kuyagaburira amatungo, kuyakoramo injugu, umusemburo, inzoga (biere) , hari abasakaza inzu zabo ibikenyeri biva ku masaka, abandi bakabyubakisha urugo uruzitiro n’ibindi.
Amasaka kandi ashobora gukorwamo ifu yo gushigisha igikoma, agakorwamo umugati, imitsima yokeje “gateaux”, imitsima ya rukacarara, biswi, hari n’abayarya atetse bisanzwe. Amasaka azwiho kuba ari igihingwa kizigama amazi n’ifumbire, akaba yihanganira igihe cy’izuba, ikindi kandi ngo agira imizi imanuka mu butaka, ikayafasha kubona ibyo akeneye mu butaka byose.
Amasaka akungahaye ku butare bwa “phosphore”. Icyambere, ni uko nta “gluten” iba mu masaka (ikunda kuboneka mu bindi binyampeke nk’ingano, kandi hari abantu bafite imibiri idakorana n’iyo gluten, ku buryo iyo bariye cyangwa banyoye ikintu irimo, bagira ibibazo byo kurwara mu mihogo cyangwa mu mara.
Ikindi kandi, amasaka akungahaye ku butare bwa Fer na Calicium , garama 100 z’amasaka ziba zirimo 4.4mg za fer na 287mg za phosphore. Icyo gihingwa kifitemo phosphore, bikigira ikiribwa gikenewe cyane mu mubiri w’umuntu, kuko ubundi umuntu akwiriye gufata nibura garama 2 ku munsi.
Abahanga mu by’ibimera, bagira inama abantu bakunda kugira ibibazo byo kubura Calicium mu magufa yabo ko bajya bitabira gufata amafunguro arimo amasaka. Kuko phosphore iboneka mu masaka, ikomeza amagufa n’amenyo.
Kuba amasaka yigiramo isukari nkeya cyane ugereranije n’ibigori, bituma ari meza cyane no ku mafunguro agenewe abarwayi ba diyabete.
Ikindi kandi, nk’uko tubikesha urubuga Farmradio, amasaka abarirwa mu binyampeke kimwe n’ingano, uburo, ibigori, umuceri, kikaba ari ikinyampeke kiza ku mwanya wa gatanu mu binyampeke bihingwa hirya no hino ku isi. Kikaza ku mwanya wa kabiri mu binyampeke bihingwa muri Afurika nyuma y’ibigori biza ku mwanya wa mbere.
Amasaka ashyirwa mu byiciro binyuranye bitewe n’amabara yayo, harimo umweru n’umutuku. Amasaka afite intungamibiri nyinshi harimo poroteyine n’indi myunyungugu. Agira kandi na vitamin B, C na E.
Ubushakashatsi bwa vuba bwerekanye ko intungamubiri ziri mu masaka zidashidikanywaho. Ikindi kandi arwanya ibibazo byo mu mara, n’ibisebe bifata ku gifu, akumira kwangirika kw’amagufa. Amasaka kandi, afasha mu igogora ry’abana, hari n’abakoresha amasaka mu kuvura indwara yo guhitwa.
Hari n’ibihugu bikora ibintu byihariye bihereye ku masaka, nko mu Bushinwa bakora impapuro mu masaka, mu Bufaransa bakora imyeyo naho mu Budage bo bayakoramo ibyo kurya by’amatungo.
Ubwo bushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kongera amasaka mu mafunguro umuntu afata, byamufasha kurwanya indwara yo kubura amaraso, kanseri, diyabete, bigabanya kandi ingano y’ibinure bibi mu mubiri cholesterol.
Ku rubuga Passeport Sante bavuga ko amasaka ari ikinyampeke cy’ejo hazaza (une céréale d’avenir), bitewe n’uko amasaka yihanganira izuba kandi ashobora kwera nubwo habaho ihindagurika ry’ikirere, kuko imizi yayo ayifasha kwishakira ibiyatunga mu butaka.
Ibyo bituma abantu bitabira kuyahinga ku bwinshi,nko mu Bufaransa amasaka yahingwaga kuri hegitari 100,000 gusa, ariko mu duce dukunda guhura n’amapfa nko mu majyepfo y’icyo gihugu, bagenda batabira kuyahinga cyane ku buryo asigaye ahingwa kurusha ibigori.
Hari ubwoko bw’amasaka bwera vuba, ku buryo umuhinzi ashobora gusarura inshuro eshatu mu mwaka. Kuyahinga ntibigora kuko ntasaba ifumbire nyinshi n’akazi kenshi nk’ibigori.
Amasaka ni igihingwa kitangiza ibindi bidukikije, ku buryo Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yafashe gahunda yo kuyahinga ku buryo zishobora kuba igihugu cya mbere cyeza icyo gihingwa ku rwego rw’isi.
UMUTESI Jessica
Rwandatribune.com
