Muri Mutarama 1991, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yari iyobowe na Perezida Juvenal Habyarimana, yashyize hanze igitabo yise ‘Livre blanc sur l’agression armée dont le Rwanda a été victime à partir du 1er octobre 1990’. Ubishyize mu Kinyarwanda cyumvikana, ni ‘Igitabo cyera kivuga ku bushotoranyi bukoresheje intwaro bwibasiye u Rwanda guhera kuya 1 Ukwakira 1990.’
Icyo gihe u Rwanda rwari rumaze amezi atatu rugabweho ibitero n’ingabo za FPR Inkotanyi zari zigizwe ahanini n’abahungiye mu mahanga, bari barimwe uburenganzira ku gihugu cyabo bazizwa ko ari Abatutsi.
Guverinoma ya Habyarimana icyo gihe ntiyemeraga ko yatewe n’Abanyarwanda. Yavugaga ko yatewe n’ingabo za Uganda bityo ko amahanga akwiriye gufatira ibihano icyo gihugu intambara ikarangira.
Nyuma y’imyaka 31 ku wa 9 Ukuboza 2022, Guverinoma ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) mu buryo nk’ubwa Leta ya Habyarimana, yashyize hanze ikindi ‘gitabo cyera’ yise “Livre Blanc sur l’agression avérée de la RDC par le Rwanda et les crimes internationaux commis dans ce contexte par les Forces Rwandaises de défense ( RDF) et le M23″.
Ni igitabo RDC ivuga ko kigamije kumenyesha amahanga ibyaha mpuzamahanga bimaze igihe bikorwa n’umutwe wa M23 ufashijwe n’ingabo z’u Rwanda.
Ubusanzwe ‘livre blanc’ ni inyandiko irambuye isobanura byimbitse ikibazo runaka. Ikunze kwifashishwa na sosiyete z’ubucuruzi kugira ngo zimenyekanishe igicuruzwa runaka cyangwa se zisobanure mu buryo bwumvikana ingingo runaka.
Umuvugizi wa Leta ya Congo, Patrick Muyaya ubwo yashyiraga hanze icyo gitabo cyabo, yavuze ko gikubiyemo “ibikorwa by’u Rwanda na M23 bigize ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu.”
Ati “Ni ingenzi ko abagize urwego rw’ubutabera bitabaza urukiko mpanabyaha kugira ngo ibi byaha byose birimo n’ibya Kishishe bihanwe, hakaboneka impozamarira. Iki gitabo gifite intego yo kwamagana ubushotoranyi bw’u Rwanda, gukusanya ibyaha byakozwe no gusana ibyangiritse.”
Ni nde ubeshya undi?
Intego z’igitabo cya Congo zisa neza n’izari mu gitabo cy’amapaji 121 cyo kwa Habyarimana kuko nacyo intego nyamukuru kwari ‘ugusobanurira amahanga intandaro y’ikibazo, umugambi uhishe wa FPR Inkotanyi, kwerekana ibyo kubangamira imyanzuro ya Loni, ubuhamya ku bushotoranyi bwibasiye u Rwanda, ingaruka z’ubukungu intambara yateje, ubutumwa bugenewe Isi n’ibindi.’
Umutwe wa M23 umaze imyaka icumi ushinzwe n’abahoze mu ngabo za Congo (FARDC) biganjemo abo mu bwoko bw’abavuga Ikinyarwanda. Washinzwe ushingiye ku masezerano bagiranye n’iyo Leta muri Werurwe 2009 ariko ntashyirwe mu bikorwa.
Ubwo Perezida Tshisekedi yajyaga ku butegetsi mu 2019, bivugwa ko hari ibiganiro by’ibanga yagiranye n’uwo mutwe mu rwego rwo kubahiriza andi masezerano Congo yasinye mu 2013, icyakora Tshisekedi ntiyabikoze.
Mu buryo bumwe n’ubwa Leta ya Habyarimana, ubwo M23 yuburaga imirwano mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka, Guverinoma ya Congo aho kubishakira umuti yakomeje gutangaza ko yatewe n’ingabo z’u Rwanda, isaba amahanga kurufatira ibihano.
Leta y’u Rwanda yamaganye kenshi ibyo birego, ivuga ko ari amayeri yo kwihunza inshingano kuri Leta ya Congo no gutwerera abandi ibibazo byayo.
Umwe mu basesenguzi basobanukiwe neza iby’ububanyi mpuzamahanga, yabwiye bagenzi bacu bo mu IGIHE ko nta musaruro n’umwe iki gitabo gishobora gutanga mu buryo bwa dipolomasi.
Ati “Inyungu yacyo mu buryo bwa dipolomasi ni nto cyane kuko nta gishya kiba kirimo ndetse no kuba ari inyandiko yakozwe na Guverinoma ubwayo ntabwo biyiha agaciro kenshi mu rwego mpuzamahanga.”
Si ubwa mbere Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo isohora iki gitabo cyera kuko no mu Ukuboza 1998 yaragisohoye. Icyo gihe yashinjaga ibihugu birimo u Rwanda, Uganda n’u Burundi kuyivogera, isaba amahanga gutabara.
Bivugwa ko Leta ya Congo icyo ishaka ari ukugira ngo ibibazo by’umutekano mu Burasirazuba bw’igihugu bikomeze, yibagize ibyaha imaze iminsi ishinjwa na Loni birimo ibiganisha kuri Jenoside biri kwibasira Abatutsi n’Abanyamulenge.
Hari uwagize ati “Icyo RDC ishaka ni ugukomeza kwigira inzirakarengane, ni nabyo imazemo iminsi, mu rwego rwo kwibagiza uruhare rwayo mu biri kuba. Wibuke ko n’amatora yegereje ku buryo Tshisekedi ashaka gukomeza kwitwa Perezida uri mu bihe by’intambara ugamije kunga abaturage be mu gihe igihe cyatewe.”
Leta ya RDC iherutse i La Haye mu Buholandi gusobanurira urukiko mpanabyaha mpuzamahanga ibiri kubera mu Burasirazuba bw’igihugu ndetse no gusaba ko ubwicanyi buherutse kubera Kishishe muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru bufatwa nk’icyaha cya Jenoside.
Icyakora hari impungenge ku kuri kw’ibimenyetso RDC ifite kuko M23 ivuga ko hapfuye abantu 28 barimo abaturage 8 n’inyeshyamba 20, mu gihe Ingabo za Loni ziri mu butumwa mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC (Monusco) zo zivuga ko hapfuye abantu basaga 120 nyamara akaba ari amakuru bemeza ko bahawe n’abandi bantu aho kuhigerera.
Ikindi kandi iyo Leta iri gusabira ubutabera abaturage bayo, ni nayo ishinjwa kwenyegeza urwango ruri gutuma hibasirwa abandi baturage bayo bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi.
Hari abasanga kwifashisha iturufu Habyarimana yifashishije yita bamwe mu baturage be abanyamahanga ntibifate, atari yo RDC yakabaye yifashisha muri iki gihe dore ko yo M23 bahanganye ibatsindisha amasezerano basinye ntashyirwe mu bikorwa.
Mwizerwa Ally
