Hashize imyaka isaga 28 umutwe wa FDLR/FOCA warahisemo umurongo wo gufata impunzi z’Abanyarwanda zahungiye mu burasirazuba bwa DR Congo bugwate.
N’ubwo mu 1996 Ingabo za RPA zashoboye gucyura abari hejuru ya miliyoni kugeza ubu haracyari izindi mpunzi nkeya zikiba mu mashyamba ya DR Congo, aho zafashwe bugwate n’abayobozi bakuru b’uyu mutwe.
Ikibazo cyakunze kwibazwa na benshi ni kigira kiti:” Ni izihe mbogamizi zituma zimwe mu mpunzi z’Abanyarwanda mu burasirazuba bwa DR Congo zidataha mu Rwanda?”
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na MONUSCO mu mwaka wa 2009 bwagaragaje ko uko ubuyobozi bukuru bwa FDLR bwagiye busimburana bwakunze kubera imbogamizi impunzi zabaga zifuza gutaha mu Rwanda. Benshi muri aba bayobozi n’abakekwaho kugira uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi 1994 batifuza ko impunzi zitaha mu rwego rwo kuzikoresha nk’inkingi ibakingira . Hiyongeraho kandi kuba muri izo mpunzi ariho umutwe wa FDLR ukura abarwanyi , byatumye izi mpunzi zikomeza gucungirwa hafi n’abayobozi bakuru ba FDLR ndetse ugerageje kugaragaza igitekerezo cyo gutaha bakamukangisha kwicwa.
Mu mwaka 2005 habayeho amasezerano hagati ya FDLR na Leta ya DR Congo bagamije gushaka uko Abanyarwanda b’impunzi bataha ndetse n’abarwanyi b’uyu mutwe bagashyira intwaro hasi maze bagacyurwa mu Rwanda. Kiriziya Gatorika niyo yabaye umuhuza w’ibi biganiro ibinyujije ku muryango St’Egidio bibera i Roma mu Butaliyani . Mu gihe impuzi na bamwe mu barwanyi bari batangiye kwishimira ibyo biganiro bibwira ko bigiye kubafasha gutaha nyuma y’igihe kirerekire bari mu mashyamba, abayobozi ba FDLR bari bayobowe na Ignace Murwanashaka nka perezida na Gen Sylvetre Mudacumura wari Umugaba w’Ingabo za FDLR/FOCA ataricwa n’abandi basirikare bakuru , bahise batera utwatsi ibyo biganiro ahubwo bashyiraho amananiza avuga ko ibyo biganiro byashoboka ko nibagera mu Rwanda batazakurikiranwa n’ubutabera, bagahabwa akazi keza ndetse n’abana babo bakiga mu mashuri meza ahenze. Ibi ariko kwari ukunaniza gusa kuko bari bazi icyo bagamije .
Kimwe mu bindi bikorwa bizwi abayobozi ba FDLR bakoze mu rwego rwo gukomeza gufata impunzi bugwate n’igikorwa cyari gitegenyijwe mu 2014 cyari kigamije kubarura impunzi z’Abanyarwanda ziba muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, cyagirwagamo uruhare na Komisiyo Ishinzwe Impunzi muri Congo n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku mpunzi UNHCR muri icyo gihugu.
Col Irategeka wari umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa wa FDLR yari agishyigikiye ariko ntiyabihurizaho n’abandi bayobozi be aribo Gen Byiringiro Victoire na Gen Sylvestre Mudacumura, kandi koko iri barura ryakorwaga kuva muri Kamena umwaka 2014, ryitambitswe na FDLR, ku Cyumweru tariki ya 19 Nyakanga 2015 rirasubikwa. Icyari kigamijwe kwari ukumenya umubare wabo kugirango abashaka babafashe gutaha mu Rwanda.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na MONUSCO bukomeza bugaragaza uburyo Abayobozi ba FDLR mu bihe bitandukanye bakoresheje icengezamatwara mu mpunzi z’Abanyarwada bagamije kubaha amakuru ahabanye n’ibibera mu Rwanda kugirango bazirememo ubwoba bitume bakomeza kuzigenzura mu nyungu zabo bwite. Muri iryo cengezamatwara FDLR ngo ikaba yarakoreshaga bamwe mu banyapolitiki bahoze mu butegeti bwa MRND no muri Guverinoma y’Abatabazi bahunganye n’Ingabo zatsinzwe n’Interahamwe mu 1994.
Muri abo banyapolitiki harimo abahoze ari abaminisitiri, ba Perefe, Burugumeitiri nabo baheze mu mashyamba ya DR Congo kubera gutinya gukurikiranwa n’ubutabera ku byaha bya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi 1994 batinya ko babiryozwa.
Laurent Baravuga, uvuka i Butare akaba yarahoze ari umudepite,ndetse akaba anashakishwa na polisi mpuzamahanga( Interpol) .Faustin Sekagina wahoze ari umujyanama wa Lt Gen Byiringiro Victor, warezwe kugira uruhare mu bwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi mu Bugesera mu 1992 yungirije perefe wa Kigali Ngali.
Hari kandi Damien Biniga, alias Kamukina, wari wungirije su perefe wa Munini i Gikongoro, ndetse akaba anshinjwa kugira uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi i Kibeho, Mubuga, Cyahinda ,Nyakizu na Karama .
Hari abandi barimo Cyrille Nsanzimihigo wahoze ari Burugumesitiri wa Komini Satinsyi nawe ushakiswa na Interpol, wakoraga mu biro bya Perezida Habyarimana,Sixbert Ndayambaje, alias Soso, wahoze ari Burugumeiri wa Komine Runda wanakanguriye Abahutu kwica Abatutsi muri iyo komini n’abandi benshi turarondora.
Iri cengezamatwara ntirigarukira gusa ku mpunzi z’abasivile kuko rinakoreshwa ku barwanyi ba FDLR baba bifuza gushira intwaro hasi bagataha mu Rwanda. Aka kazi ko kakorwaga n’abasirikare biswe” aba Extremiste kurusha abandi” aribo Gen Mudacumura ( wishwe na FARDC 2019) ari umugaba mukuru wa FOCA akaba na Vice Perezida wa FDLR ubu yasimbuwe na Gen Maj Ntawunguka Pacifique Omega, Lt Gen Byiringiro Victoire ( ubu niwe Perezida wa FDLR), Gen Stanslas Nzeyimana alias Bigaruka, Brigadier-General Apollinaire Hakizimana, alias Poète/ Amiki Lepic, Colonel Donat Habimana, alias Brazza Royal, Colonel Bonaventure Bunane, alias Daniel Ukwishaka/Busogo, wari ukuriye ishuri rya Girikare rya FDLR(SMS) i Kahembe,Colonel Léopold Mujyambere, Colonel Ndagijimana, alias Rumbago/ Wilson Irategeka, wahoze ari umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa wa FDLR nyuma akaza kwitandukanya nayo agashinga CNRD/FLN ariko akaza kwicwa na FARDC,Col Leodomil Mugaragu nawe wishwe n’abandi benshi biganjemo abasirikare bakuru bo kurwego rwa Lt Col na ba Majoro.
Hiyongeraho kandi ikibazo cy’ubuhanuzi aho bamwe mu basirikare ba FDLR bihinduye abahanuzi b’Imana bagakunda gukora igisa n’ikinamico bahanurira impunzi bakazibwira ko Imana yababwiye ko yenda kubagabiza u Rwanda bakongera kwisubiza ubutegetsi . Ibi nabyo biri mu byagose benshi bagitegereje ko ubwo buhanuzi busohora ariko amaso akaba akomeje guhera mu kirere
Kugeza ubu muri Repuburika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo haracyari Abanyarwanda b’impunzi bakomeje gufatwa bugwate n’abayobozi bakuru ba FDLR bababwira ko bagomba gutegereza bakazabacyura ku ngufu. N’ubwo bimeze gutyo ariko hari zimwe mu mpunzi na bamwe mu barwanyi ba FDLR bagenda babaca mu rihumye bagataha mu Rwanda aho babanza guhabwa amahugurwa y’uburere mboneragihugu barangiza bagafashwa gusubira mu buzima busanzwe.
Claude Hategekimana
