Itegeko nshinga ryo mu 1962 ryemeraga ishirwaho ry’amashyaka memshi mu ngingo yaryo ya 10 yagiraga iti:” amashyaka ya politiki yujuje ibisabwa n’amategeko yemerewe kujya mu matora. Ajyaho kandi agakorera mu bwisanzure, apfa kuba yubahiriza amahame ya demokarasi, kandi ntarwanye imiterere ya repuburika igihugu kiyemeje, ubusugire n’umutekano wacyo.”
Ariko ishyaka rya MDR Parmehutu (Mouvement démocratique republicain) ryahindutse ishyaka rimwe rukumbi kuva mu wa 1963 rimaze kuvanaho andi mashyaka yari ahanganye naryo.
Mu matora ya Perezida yo mu wa 1965, Perezida Kayibanda Gregoire yatowe n’amajwi y’abantu agera kuri 98% . Mu 1969 yongeye gutorwa n’amajwi menshi nkayo, gusa abatamushigikiye bakavuga ko yiba amajwi abifashijwemo n’abakoroni.
Gahunda yo gukuraho amashyaka atavuga rumwe na MDR Parmehutu yarabonekaga mbere y’ubwigenge mu buryo bwo kuyabuza uburyo. Igihe hizihizwaga isabukuru yambere y’ubwigenge bw’igihugu, Perezida Kayibanda yavuze ko ahisemo kugira ishyaka rya ba nyamwinshi rutura ,ariko ngo ribangikiranye n’agashyaka ka banyamuke . Yongeraho avuga ati:” amashyaka menshi arangaza abaturage amajyambere y’igihugu ntagire umurongo uri hamwe , ahubwo bigatuma igihugu kidindira”
Ku isabukuru y’imyaka 10 y’ubwigenge, Perezida Kayibanda yabeshye abantu nkana avuga ibintu bitaribyo nk’uwatsinze agira ati:” amatora ya komini yo muwa 1963 yumvishije bidasubirwaho abatutsi ko batagomba kwizera kwongera gutegeka. Kuva icyo gihe ishyaka rya MDR Parmehutu ryavanyeho andi mashyaka yose atari yumvise ko kugeza icyo gihe ubufatanye bwa demokarasi aribwo gisubizo cy’u Rwanda n’abaturage barwo.
Ishyaka rya UNAR (Union Nationale Rwandaise) niryo ryatotejwe cyane kuko ryatotejwe n’abambari ba MDR Parmehutu ndetse n’igice cy’abapadiri b’abamisiyoneri kuberako ryari rifite amatwara yabanambiraga igihugu kandi rikaba ryari rifite ubushuti n’ibihugu by’abasosiyalisiti. Ibyo bihugu byakundaga amashyaka arwanya ubukoroni agashyira imbere abenegihugu.
Nyuma yo kujya mu matora yo mu 1961 no kujya muri Guverinoma ihuriweho n’amashyaka kuva muri Gashyantare 1962 kugeza muri Gashyantare 1963 UNAR ntiyongeye gutanga abakandida haba no mu 1965 ndetse na nyuma yaho. Ningombwa kuvuga ko nyuma yo gutotezwa, UNAR yaje no guhura n’izindi ngorane zo gucikamo ibice, icy’imbere mu Rwanda ni cyo hanze yarwo.
Itoteza muri poliitiki n’urugomo bya MDR Parmehutu bigamije gusenya UNAR byabaye agahebuzo mu kwakira 1963 igihe inkotanyi zateraga mu Bugesera, Abayobozi bakuru ba UNAR na RADER bafashwe uwo munsi w’igitero . Bamaze gufatwa bicirwa mu Ruhengeri nta rubanza, bikozwe na polisi y’igihugu yari iyobowe n’umusirikare mukuru w’umubirigi bitaga Pilate.
Ishyaka rya Rader ryari ryaragize amajwi 6,6% mu matora ya komini yo muwa 1960, ryagize 0,3% mu matora y’abadepite yo mu 1961. Ntiryongeye kubona abayoboke kuva ubwo kuko abari baririmo batangiye kwigira muri MDR Parmehutu kuko ryari rimaze gushegeshwa burundu n’iyicwa ry’abakuru bayo mu kuboza 1963.
Hari ibindi bintu bijyanye n’amwe mu mashyaka yari ahanganye na MDR Parmehutu byayifashije muri gahunda yayo yo kuyakuraho no kuyatoteza. Urugero n’ishyaka Aprosoma yazize amatwara ya nyiri kuyishyiraho ubwe, uwo Ni Habyarimana Joseph Gitera. Gitera yari umuntu utamenya aho agana, wivuguruza mu magambo, umuswa mu kuyobora ishyaka rye kandi udafite umurongo wa pilitiki ihamye. Yahinduye kenshi izina na gahunda y’ishyaka rye . mbere y’amatora yo mu 1960 ishyaka rye ryitwaga ” Union Des Hutu du Rwanda -Urundi(UHURU).
Aprosoma ya Gitera yahuye n’amacakubiri menshi mu mikorere, ariko kuko nayo yari ifite abayoboke benshi mu bice bimwe bw’igihugu abaturage barayitabiriye maze bitera MDR Parmehutu inkeke.
Urugero yabonye amajwi 237 Aprosoma ibona 233 mu matora yo mu 1963 muri perefegitura ya Butare. Abayobozi ba Aprosoma baje kotswa igitutu no guterwa ubwoba na MDR Parmehutu nyuma yo kubona ko nayo ifite abayoboke batari bake.
MDR Parmehutu yari yariganje muri politiki ku buryo bwagaragariraga amaso y’abantu ariko ibi byatumye ibasha guca andi mashyaka yari ahanganye nayo ikoresheje igitugu, ubwicanyi n’iterabwoba, kubera abayobozi bayo bashakaga kwikubira ubutegetsi bwose no gushingira ku ngengabitekerezo y’inzangano no kuvangura abanyarwanda.
Hategekimana Claude
