Umunyarwanda ni we wagize ati “uwanze kumvira Se na Nyina yumvira ijeri”, bibiliya na yo isongamo igira iti “Nta neza y’umunyabyaha.” Bisa nk’ibyakurikiranye umutwe wa FDLR washinzwe na bamwe mu basize bahekuye u Rwanda muri Jenoside Yakorewe Abatutsi. Uyu mutwe umaze imyaka 22 uvuga ko wifuza gufata u Rwanda ariko ibi bisa no kwibwira ko umuntu yagera ku ijuru n’amaguru kuko muri iyi myaka yose uyu mutwe warashegeshwe bikabije.
Umutwe wa FDLR washinzwe mu mwaka wa 2000 mu burasirazuba bwa Repuburika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, nyuma gato y’intambara ya Mbere ya Congo yakuyeho ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu Sese Seko. Icyo gihe Gen Maj Rwarakabije Paul aba Umugaba mukuru w’ingabo (FOCA) mu gihe Ignace Murwanashaka yabaye Perezida (FDLR).
Abashinze uyu mutwe ni bahoze muri ALIR ( Arme de Liberation du Rwanda) bitewe n’uko ALIR yari yarashyizwe ku rutonde na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika nk’umutwe w’iterabwoba kubera ubwicanyi n’ibyaha by’intambara wakoreraga abaturage mu burasirazuba bwa DRCongo.
Iyi ALIR yamenyekanye cyanye mu kiswe ‘Ibitero by’abacengezi’ mu Majyaruguru y’u Rwanda (Ruhengeri na Gisenyi) hagati y’umwaka wa 1997 na 2000.
Ubwo ALIR yatangizaga ibyo bitero, yari ifite abarwanyi babarirwa mu bihumbi 12 benshi muri bo bakaba barinjijwe muri uyu mutwe mu 1997 mu mpunzi z’Abanyarwanda aho bahise bagabanywa muri burigade 6, buri burigade ikagira abasirikare 2 000.
Izi Brigade zagabanyijwe mu bice bibiri ari byo ALIR 1 yabarizwaga muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru iyobowe na Gen Rwarakabije igizwe na Brigade 3 naho ALIR 2 yabarizwaga muri Kivu y’amajyepho iyobowe na Col Sylvestre Mudacumura na yo igizwe na Brigade 3 ariko nyuma yo kurwana ku ruhande rwa Leta ya Kongo yari iyobowe na Muzehe Laurent Desire Kabila aba barwanyi baragabanutse bagera ku 7 000.
Laurent Desire Kabira yiyambaje aba barwanyi nyuma yaho bari bavuye gufasha Sasou Ngweso gufata ubutegetsi muri Congo Brazzaville. Aba barwanyi barwaniriye Muzehe Kabira bamufatiye runini cyane ku buryo abareba kure bemeza ko iyo atabagira aba yaravuyeho rugikubita n’ubwo bwose yari afite Ibihugu bimushyigikiye.
Kabira yaje kwicwa bitunguranye, maze umuhungu we Joseph Kabange Kabila amusimbura ku butegetsi ndetse ahita atangira imishyikirano n’abamurwanyaga aribo CNDP ya Laurent Nkunda. Yahise yiyibagiza inkunga izo ngabo zahaye se, (dore ko na we iyo atazigira aba yaraguye ahitwa Poweto) maze azambura intwaro ashaka kuzohereza ku ngufu mu Rwanda. Abenshi baratorotse aho bari baregeranyirijwe i Kamina muri Katanga, bayobowe na Général Major Mudacumura, ari bo ALIR 1 bashobora gusanga ikindi gice cyari mu mashyamba ya Kivu ya Ruguru ari cyo ALIR 2 cyari kiyobowe na Général Rwarakabije. Uyu yari yarasimbuye ba Lt Col BEM Nkundiye na Lt Col Dr Mugemanyi bari baraguye mu ntamabara y’abacengezi ahitwa i Giciye mu Rwanda.
Mbibutse ko muri iyo ntambara yiswe iy’abacengezi yabereye mu Majyaruguru y’Igihugu, byanatumye ingabo z’u Rwanda zisubira muri DRCongo.
Nyuma y’igihe gito, Perezida Joseph Kabila nawe yongeye kwiyunga na bo maze bemeranya kumufasha urugamba mu ntambara ya kabiri ya Congo yari ahanganyemo n’abarwanyi ba CNDP. Ni bo barwanye ahitwa Pepa, Moba, Kamina na Katanga bari kumwe n‘Ingabo za Zimbabwe zarimo gufasha Kabila. Icyo gihe umubare w’aba barwanyi wongeye kwiyongera kuko FDLR yari imaze kugira abarwanyi bari hagati y’ibihumbi 15 n’ibihumbi 20 ndetse itanngira kugaba ibitero ku Batutsi b’Abanyekongo no mu Rwanda byatumye u Rwanda rusubira muri Congo.
Mu Ukwakira 2007 umuryango the International Crisis Group watangaje ko abarwanyi b’uyu mutwe kuva muri 2001 bari 15 000 bagabanutse hagati 6 000 na 7 000 maze bahita bigabanya muri batayo 4 hiyongeyeho Brigade y’Inkeragutabara muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru n’izindi batayo 4 muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo maze ikicaro cyayo gikuru kiba ahitwa Kibua na Kalonge mu mashyamba ya Walikale ho muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru bari kumwe n’impunzi z’Abanyarwanda bari barafashe bugwate.
FDLR yakunze kuregwa ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu
Mu cyegeranyo cyo mu mwaka 2009 cyashizwe ahagaragara na US National Counter Terrorist, cyagaragaje ko FDLR ari yo yari inyuma y’ibitero 12 by’iterabwoba byakozwe mu mwaka wa 2009 mu burasirazuba bwa RDCongo. Ibi bitero bikaba byaraguyemo abaturage b’inzirakarengane bagera ku 100.
Ku wa 4 Ukuboza 2005 akanama k’umuryango w’Abibumbye gashinzwe amahoro n’umutekano ku Isi kasohoye itangazo risaba FDLR gushyira intwaro hasi igahita iva ku butaka bwa DRCongo ako kanya kubera ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi no guteza umutekano mucye mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari.
Mu mwaka wa 2008 habaye Operasiyo Umoja Wetu yari ihuriweho n’u Rwanda na DRCongo mu rwego rwo kurwanya uyu mutwe maze ku wa 20 Mutarama mu 2009 u Rwanda rujyayo kuwuhashya ku bwumvikane na DRCongo, benshi barishwe abandi bafatwa mpiri bagarurwa mu Rwanda harimo n’abasirikare bakuru.
Hagati y’itariki ya 9 na 10 Gicurasi 2009 abarwanyi ba FDLR bari bayobowe na Lt Col Nsengiyumva wa batayo “Zodiac” afatanyije na Col Kalume wa Brigade y’inkenkeragutaba za FDLR hamwe na Mugisha Vainqeur wa Special Company, bagabye ibitero ku basivile mu gace ka Ekini muri Kivu y’Amajyepfo na Busurungi i Walikale mu Majyaruguru ashyira Uburasirazuba bwa Congo aho abaturage bagera kuri 90 bishwe i Ekingi abandi 12 bicirwa Busurugi. Icyo gihe FDLR yashinjwe n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye kuba inyuma y’ayo mahano.
Binyuze mu itangazo ry’ibiro bishinzwe guhuza ibikorwa bya muntu (Officer for the Cordination Humanitarian Affaire) muri raporo nimero S/2009/603, yo ku wa 09 Ugushyingo 2009, mu iperereza ryakozwe kuri bamwe mu barwanyi b’uyu mutwe bagize uruhare muri iki gikorwa, yemeje ko ubwo bwicanyi ku basivire ari ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu byakozwe na FDLR.
FDRL yanagabye ibindi bitero ku basivile mu byumweru byakurikiyeho bituma ihangana na FARDC ndetse iki gisirikare cya DRCongo gitangaza ko kishemo benshi byanatumye MONUC nayo itera FDLR ariko ntibyagira icyo bigeraho. Gusa hagati aho MONUC yakunze gushinjwa gukorana na FDLR by’umwihariko ku guhererekanya amakuru y’ubutasi.
Ku wa 24 Kanama 2010, Umuryango w’Abibumbye watangaje ko FDLR ifatanyije na Mai Mai bashimuse abantu basaga 154 kuva muri Nyakanga kugeza muri Kanama 2020 mu mujyi wa Luvungi muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru. Icyo gihe Ban- ki- Moon wari Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa ONU yababajwe n’iki gikorwa avuga ko ari igikorwa cy’ubunyamaswa.
Muri Mata 2020, FLDR yashinjwe kugaba ibitero ku barinzi ba pariki ya Virunga bicamo abagera kuri 12 mu gihe muri Gashyantare 2021 yashinjwe kwica uwari Ambasaderi w’u Butaliyani muri DRCongo, Luca Attanasio ari kumwe n’umurinzi we.
Hejuru y’aya mahano, FDLR yashinjwe kenshi gufata bugwate Abanyarwanda b’impunzi bahungiye muri Zaire mu 1994 nyuma yo gutsindwa kwa Leta y’Abatabazi.
Mu nama ya Komite Nshingwabikorwa y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Mpunzi (EXCOM) yabereye i Genève mu Busuwisi kuwa 29 Nzeri 2014, Uwari Minisitiri ushinzwe ibyo gucyura impunzi, Seraphine Mukantabana yahamagariye Umuryango Mpuzamahanga gushyigikira ingamba zo gukuraho umutwe wa FDLR wafashe bugwate impunzi z’Abanyarwanda, ikica n’abagaragaje ko bashaka gutaha.
Amakuru avuga ko FDLR yanditse Bibiliya ifatisha bugwate Abanyarwanda ngo badatahuka, irimo amagambo agaragaza ko u Rwanda ari igihugu cyabo Imana yabasezeranyije ko bazagitahamo, ikifashishwa mu gukomeza kurema agatima impunzi, bigatuma zidatahuka.
Ntuzacikwe n’igice cya kabiri cy’iyi nkuru…
Claude HATEGEKIMANA
RWANDATRIBUNE.COM
