Mu ntambara imaze iminsi ihanaganishije Ingabo za Repuburika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (FARDC) n’umutwe wa M23 haravugwamo ko igisirikare cya FARDC kiri gukorana n’umutwe wa FDLR-Foca guhangana n’umutwe wa M23. Ibi ni bimwe mu bikomeje guteza amwuka mubi hagati ya DRCongo n’u Rwanda.
Inkomoko y’ikibazo
Imikoranire y’ubutegeti bwa Kinshasa n’umutwe wa FDLR ugizwe na bamwe mu bagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 bakaza guhungira mu burasirazuba bwa DRCongo nyuma yo gutsindwa intambara na FPR Inkotanyi 1994, niyo mpamvu nyamukuru yakunze guteza amakimbirane n’umwuka mubi hagati y’u Rwanda na DRCongo kuva ku butegetsi bwa Perezida Mobutu kugeza ku bwa Laurent Desire Kabila n’umuhungu we Joseph Kabila kugeza ku buriho muri iki gige bwa Perezida Felix Thsisekedi.
Hari amwe mu makosa yakozwe n’ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu Seseseko yo kwemerera izo ngabo (EX-FAR) n’interahamwe kwambukana intwaro zabo zose aho kuzibambura nkuko bitegenywa n’amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga Impunzi, ahubwo babifashijwemo n’ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu babashije gushinga Etat Major yabo mu buhungiro yari iherere ahitwa Lac Vert hafi gato y’inkambi ya Mugunga ndetse batangira ibikorwa byo kwikusanya no gushaka uko bakongera gushoza intambara ku Rwanda.
Uruhare rwa Perezida Mobutu n’ingabo ze mu gutera inkunga EX-FAR N’interahamwe ni ntashidikanywaho kuko yabemereye gukoresha ubutaka bw’igihugu cye (Zaire) mu Myiteguro yo kugaruka guhangabanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda hakiyongeraho kubaha intwaro n’amafaranga yo kwifashisha Muri ibyo bikorwa.
Ibi Mobutu yabikoraga kubera igihango yari afitanye na Perezida Habyarimana agafata abo bantu nk’imfubyi ze yumva ko azabafasha gusubira ku butegetsi.
Ibyo nibyo byatumye u Rwanda rujya muri DRCongo mu mwaka 1996 nyuma yo gusaba ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu kubambura intwaro no guhagarika kubafasha mu bikorwa bigamije guhungabanya u Rwanda ariko Perezida Mobutu yanga kugira icyo abikoraho byanatumye ubutegetsi bwe buhirima mu 1997.
Muri iyo ntambara, Perezida Mobutu yitabaje EX FAR n’interahamwe ngo barwane ku ruhande rwe ariko birangira atsinzwe.
Ubutegetsi bwa Mobutu bwasimbuwe n’ubwa Laurent Desire Kabila wari wafashe ubutegetsi afashyizweho n’u Rwanda na Uganda ariko nyuma y’igihe gito aza kubihinduka maze yirukana shishi itabona ingabo z’u Rwanda zari zamushyize ku butegetsi.
Icyo gihe na we yahise atera ikirenge mu cya Mobutu ahita atangira gukorana n’abarwanyi ba ALIR yaje guhinduka FDLR mu ntambara yarimo arwana n’abakongomani bavuga ururimi rw’ikinyarwanda bari bibumbiye mu kiswe RCD yaba Azalias Ruberwa.
Bivugwa ko Laurent desire Kabila yahamagaje abarwanyi ba ALIR aho bari baratataniye mu mahanga (Congo Brazaville, Malawi, Centrafrica, Zambiya) abandi bakihishe mu mashyamba ya Congo, maze abaha ikiraka cyo kumufasha iyo ntambara na we abemerera amafaranga atubutse.
Ubuhamya butandukanye bwagiye butangwa n’abahoze muri FDLR Ariko bakaza gutaha mu Rwanda bemeza ko Muzehe Desire Kabila yahise atangira kubinjiza mu ngabo z’igihugu (FARDC) abandi abashyira mu mutwe ushinzwe kumurindira umutekano anabemerera kuzabafasha kugaruka gutera u Rwanda.
Hagati aho niko u Rwanda rwakomezaga kugaragaza iki kibazo nk’impamvu ikomeye ku mutekano warwo n’abarutuye no gusaba ubwo butegetsi guhagarika imikoranire n’abantu bashaka kuruhungabyiriza umutekano.
Mu mwaka wa 2001 Laurent Desire Kabira yishwe bitunguranye arashwe n’uwari ushinzwe kumurindira umutekano maze ahita asimburwa n’umuhungu we Gen Joseph Kabila Kabange.
Akigera ku butegetsi yabanje kutumvikana na FDLR ndetse anategeka ko bava ku butaka bwa DRCongo ariko nyuma y’igihe gito yongeye kwiyunga na bo abasa kumufasha kurwana ku ruhande rwe abaha intwaro n’amafaranga bahita batangira gukorana bya hafi kugeza ubwo habaga imishyikirano hagati ya Leta ya DRCongo n’umutwe wa CNDP ya Laurent Nkunda n’abandi.
Nubwo imirwano yahagaze, FDLR yagumye gushinga ibirindiro mu burasirazuba bwa DRCongo igamije kugaruka guhungabanya umutekano w’u Rwanda. Yari ifite intwaro yakuye muri FARDC n’abarwanyi benshi bari hagati 15.000 na 20.000 ishinga ibirindiro byayo muri Teritwari ya Masisi ahegereye amashyamba ya Walikale ndetse ikomeza gukorana bya hafi n’ubutegetsi bwa DRCongo, rimwe na rimwe ikagaba udutero shuma ku butaka bw’u Rwanda yarangiza igasubira muri DRCongo nta nkomyi.
Muri ibi bibe mu ntambara imaze iminsi ihanaganishije Ingabo za Repuburika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (FARDC) na M23 haravugwamo ko igisirikare cya FARDC kiri gukorana na FDLR/Foca mu guhangana na M23.
Hari n’andi makuru aheruka gujya hanze ndetse ibinyamakuru bitandukanye byo muri DRCongo nka Radio Okapi, Media Congo n’ibindi bigaragaza uburyo bamwe mu bayobozi ba FARDC barimo Gen Maj Cirumwami ukuriye ubutasi bwa FARDC muri operasiyo sokola 2, batumije umutwe wa FDLR/FOCA n’indi mitwe y’abakongomani bo mu bwoko bw’Abahutu ikorera mu Teritwari ya Rutshuru na Masisi. Iyi nama ngo ikaba yari igamije gushyiraho batayo special ihuriweho n’iyo mitwe mu rwego rwo gufasha FARDC guhangana na M23 ndetse Maj Silencieux wo muri FDLR ahabwa ubuyobozi bukuru bw’iyi batayo.
Mu gihe Leta ya DRCongo ikomeje gushinja u Rwanda gutera inkunga umutwe wa M23 ariko Leta y’u Rwanda ikaba ikomeje kubihakana, haribazwa impamvu Leta ya DRCongo n’ingabo zayo FARDC bongeye gukorana no kwifahisha umutwe wa FDLR mu gihe uyu mutwe ufatwa nk’umutwe w’iterabwoba no kugira imigambi yo guhungababanya umutekano w’u Rwanda.
Abasesenguzi mu bya politiki bavuga ko niba FARDC idahagaritse imikoranire na FDLR-Foca ahubwo igahitamo gukomeza gukorana na yo bishobora kongera kubyutsa umwuka mubi n’amakimbirane hagati ya DRCongo n’u Rwanda mu gihe Ibihugu byombi byari bitangiye kubaka umubano mwiza kuva mu 2019 ubwo Perezida Tshisekedi yajyaga ku butegetsi.
Claude HATEGEKIMANA
RWANDATRIBUNE.COM
