Akarere k’uburasirazuba bwa Congo (RDC) kamaze igihe kirekire ari indiri y’inyeshyamba zirwanya ubutegetsi bw’iki gihugu ndetse n’ibihugu by’u Rwanda, Uburundi na Uganda.
Umwe muri iyi mitwe izwi cyane mu bikorwa by’ubugome ikorera mu burasirazuba bwa Congo ni uyu uva muri Uganda (Allied Democratic Forces (ADF).
Uyu mutwe w’iterabwoba ugendera ku mahame ya Islam washinzwe mu myaka ya 1990, ukaba wari uzwi cyane mu bibazo bya Uganda. Umaze kugera muri Congo wahise utangira ibikorwa by’iterabwoba, aho ibitero byawo byinshi ukora bivugwa ko bikorwa mu izina ry’umutwe wiyitirira Leta ya ki Islam, cyangwa Islamic State/Etat Islamique (IS).
Ku wa kabiri w’icyi cyumweru ibi byihebe byagabye igitero mu murwa mukuru wa Uganda/Kampala, igitero cyahitanye abantu batandatu kinakomeretsa abandi barenga 30.
IS yasohoye itangazo ku rubuga rwayo rwa Telegram, ndetse n’ikinyamakuru cyabo Amaq, yigamba icyo gitero. Mu gihe abayobozi ba Uganda bari bamaze gutangaza ko iki gitero cyakozwe na Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), Islamic State yahise itangaza ko ariyo yagabye icyo gitero ndetse ko yageze Uganda muri 2019.
Ese umutwe wa ADF wavutse gute?
Umutwe wa ADF wavukiye mu gihugu hagati cya Uganda n’abahoze ari abasirikare ba Idi Amin, batangira kurwanya Yoweri Museveni, umaze igihe kirekire ari ku butegetsi kuko leta ye yakorera amabi atagira izina abayoboke b’idini rya Islam.
ADF imaze gutsindwa n’igisirikare cya Uganda muri 2001, wahise uhungira mu ntara ya Kivu y’Uburengerazuba bwa Congo.
Nyuma y’igihe cyirekire yamaze nta bikorwa byinshi ikora, umutwe wa ADF wasubiye kuvugwa cyane mu 2014 ubwo watangiraga kugaba ibitero ku baturage ba DR Congo.
Mu 2015, Musa Seka Baluku yabaye umuyobozi mukuru w’uyu mutwe asimbuye Jamil Mukulu afashwe. Bakulu yahise atangaza ko yishyize hamwe na IS, ariko Islamic State yo yatangaje ku mugaragaro ko ikorera muri kariya karere mu kwa kane 2019.
Mu itangazo wasohoye, watangaje icyitwa IS Central Africa Province (Iscap), bisobanuye intara ya IS yo muri Afrika yo hagati, ari nayo yagiye ivugwa kugera muri Mozambike.
Nubwo hari ibigaragaza ko IS na ADF zishyize hamwe, IS ntiratangaza mu kanwa kayo cyangwa ku mugaragaro no muri poropagande zayo ko bakorana na ADF, mu kwezi kwa cyenda 2020, Bwana Baluku yatangaje ko ADF itakibaho.
Yagize Ati: “Ubu twebwe turi intara ya Afrika yo hagati, imwe mu ntara nyinshi zigize Etat Islamique/Islamic State”.
Ibintu bimeze gute muri RD Congo?
Nk’uko bitangazwa n’ishyirahamwe rishinzwe impuzi kw’isi UNHCR, kuva mu kwezi kwa mbere 2021, ADF imaze kwica amagana y’abaturage b’inzirakarengane, barenga 40.000 harimo abo muri Beni bateshejwe ingo zabo kuva IS imaze gutangira gukorera RD Congo, ibitero byagiye byiyongera.
Ibitero bya ISCAP bikunze kugaragara mu karere gakorerwamwo na ADF nko muri Beni, Mu ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru mu burasirazuba bwa Congo, ariko bikanagera mu ntara ya Ituri ihana imbibe na Kivu y’Uburasirazuba.
Ibitero bya ADF biboneka cyane cyane mu karere ka Beni mu bigo bya gisirikare, ariko bitero byinshi by’ubugome bigabwa ku baturage baba Kirisitu.
Igitero gikaze cya ISCAP cyabaye mu kwazi kwa cumi 2020 kuri gereza ya Beni, cyatumye imfungwa zigera ku 1000 zitoroka.
Ubwoba ku ndyane z’amadini
Ukutumvikana kugaragara mu burasirazuba bwa Congo rimwe na rimwe guterwa n’ubushyamirane bushingiye ku madini., ariko kubona IS nayo yarabyivanzemo ni ibintu bishobora guhuhura Congo, kuko ari igihugu gifite abayoboke benshi b’aba Katorika, kandi n’idini rifite umwanya ukomeye muri icyo gihugu. Aba Islam ni 10%.
Abayoboke b’idini ya Islam i Beni ntibiyereka uyu mutwe w’iterabwoba kuko abayobozi babiri bakuru baba Islam bari bazwiho kunenga imikorere ya IS na ADF barishwe i Beni.
ADF kandi izwi ko ariyo igaba ibitero ku bayoboke ba Katorika, aho mu kwezi kwa cumi 2012, yafashe mpiri abasenyeri batatu ba Katorika mu karere ka Mbau.
Mu nyigisho zayo, IS yifatiye mu gahanga Abakristu inigamba ku girikare cya Congo ko cyananiwe no kubarinda ibitero byayo.
Inyigisho za IS
Ikigaragara ni uko ADF idafite ibinyamakuru byayo icishaho amakuru yayo, ariko IS yo ifite imbuga nkoranya mbaga zayo icishaho amakuru yayo. Kuko hari Propagande za ISCAP icishaho harimo n’ibitero yagabye ndetse ikanerekana n’amashusho y’uko byakozwe.
Mu kwezi kwa gatatu, mu nzira zo kwerekana ko ifite imbaraga, ISCAP yasohoye amashusho ivuga ko ari ay’abasirikare bayo bari kuzenguruka mu gace ka Ituri nyuma y’igitero bakoze ku ngabo z’igihugu FARDC, gusa amashusho nk’aya ntakunze kuboneka, ibi bikerekana ko IS koko itarashinga imizi muri DRC/ Congo.
Ukwiyongera kw’imitwe igendera ku mahame ya Islam
Umutekano muke uterwa n’imitwe y’inyeshyamba iba muri DR Congo ivuka kubera ubutegetsi bujegajega, uku niko IS igenda ikwirakwira ahantu henshi nk’uko byagenze muri Iraq na Syria mu mwaka wa 2014, hamwe no muri iki gihe Afrika y’Uburengerazuba aho yakwirakwiye mu karere kose ka Sahel ihereye mu Majyaruguru bushyira Iburasirazuba bwa Nigeria, kimwe n’uko ISCAP nayo ishobora kwiyubaka nyuma y’imvururu ziri mu gihugu igakwirakwira mu bihugu bituranye.
Muyobozi Jérôme
