Amateka n’ishusho by’abacanshuro muri DRC kuva 1960 kugeza ubu

Repuburika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ni kimwe mubihugu by’Afurika bifite ubukungu karemano, nyamara umutekano wiki gihugu ukagerwa ku mashyi kuva iki gihugu cyabona ubwigenge mu 1960 kugeza na n’ubu,kubera aba abacanshuro benshi badasiba gusimburana  kubera inyungu zitandukanye.

Iyo witegereje neza aya mateka amaze imyaka 63, aho imitwe yigenga ikora nk’abacanshuro b’abasirikare yakomeje guhabwa akazi na Guverinoma ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo cyangwa abantu ku giti cyabo, mu bikorwa bijyanye n’umutekano haba mu kuwucunga cyangwa kuwuhungabanya.

Repuburika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ifite amateka maremare yo gukorana n’aba bantu guhera mu bihe by’ubwigenge mu myaka ya 1960 kugeza uyu munsi.

Muri make ni abantu baba bahabwa amafaranga menshi, batumwaho n’umuntu ngo bamukorere akazi atabashije kwikorera ubwe.

Muri ibi bihe Ingabo za FARDC zihanganye n’umutwe w’inyeshyamba wa M23, Guverinoma ya RDC yongeye kwerekeza amaso ku bacanshuro, nyuma yo gukubitwa inshuro mu duce dutandukanye yatangizagamo urugamba kuri uwo mutwe.

Ku ikubitiro, amakuru avuga ko bitabaje umutwe wa Wagner wo mu Burusiya, umaze kubaka izina mu bikorwa bya gisirikare haba muri Syria, Mali na Centrafrique, ndetse ubu urimo guhangana n‘Ingabo za Ukraine mu bice byinshi, ubu akagezweho ni Soledar.

Ni abacanshuro benshi bakodesherejwe hoteli yose ya Mbiza, i Goma, ubu icunzwe n’Umutwe w’Ingabo zishinzwe kurinda Perezida Félix Antoine Tshisekedi.

Amafoto atandukanye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga yakomeje kwerekana ko uyu mutwe ugira uruhare mu kurwana na M23.

Umwe aheruka kugaragara yaguye ku rugamba, aho amafoto yakwirakwijwe ku mbuga nkoranyambaga agaragaza ko yiciwe i Karenga hafi ya Goma, ku wa 30 Ukuboza.

M23 ntabwo yatangaje ubwenegihugu bwe, ariko yaje kuvuga ko hari abandi bacanshuro bane bishwe.

Wagner ni umutwe wakomeje guhanganisha ibihugu bikomeye mu Burayi, u Burusiya n‘u Bufaransa, kuko ubu ukorera muri Centrafrique no muri Mali ndetse Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ziheruka kuwemeza nk’umutwe w’abanyabyaha.

Ni abantu bageze i Goma, umujyi ukomeye mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, nyuma y’iminsi ibiri gusa hakuweho ingingo yasabaga Leta ya Congo ko mbere yo kugura intwaro, igomba kubimenyesha Akanama k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye gashinzwe Umutekano.

Kuba ubwo, amafoto y’abasirikare b’inkorokoro, bambaye amadarubindi y’izuba, yahise atangira gusakara, abasirikare ba Congo bahinduka abarinzi babo.

Mu bandi bera bakomeje kugaragara muri RDC, harimo abakora binyuze muri Agemira RDC ishakimiye kuri Agemira, Ikigo cyigenga cyo muri Bulgarie, cyohereje muri Congo inzobere mu bikoresho bya gisirikare.

Hari amakuru ko abo ari bo bashinzwe gusana indege ebyiri za Sukhoi Su-25 ndetse na kajugujugu ebyiri z’intambara zo mu bwoko bwa Mi-24.

Abo barimo abakomoka muri Bulgaria, Georgia, Beralus n’ahandi.

Uretse uyu mutwe wo mu Burusiya cyangwa aba ba Agemira, i Goma hanagaragaye undi Mutwe wo muri Romania uzwi nka RALF, uyoborwa n‘uwitwa Horatiu Potra, ushinzwe gucunga Ikibuga cy’Indege cya Goma, mu gihe abandi baba batanga serivisi zo gusana ibi bikoresho.

Aba bose bacumbikiwe muri Hôtel Mbiza, rwagati mu Mujyi wa Goma.

Amakuru yemeza neza ko nk’uyu Portra atari umukiliya ukorana na Minisiteri y’Ingabo mu buryo bweruye, ahubwo ko akorana n’Ikigo Congo Protection cy’abashoramari babiri, Bijou Eliya na Depite Patrick Bologna. Uyu wa nyuma ni na we washinze ndetse anayobora Ishyaka Avenir du Congo (ACO) rya Minisitiri w’Intebe Sama Lukonde.

Aya mateka y’abacanshuro muri Repuburika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo benshi bemeza ko ari mubyatumye iki gihugu kitagira aho kigera.

Kimwe mu byakomeje gutindwaho n’abaseseguzi ni uburyo RDC ituwe n’abaturage barenga miliyoni 100 ndetse ikagira abasirikare basaga 150.000, ariko kugira ngo ihangane n’Umutwe wa M23 bikayisaba kwitabaza abarwanyi ba FDLR, Nyatura, Mai Mai, CODECO, ACPLS n’abacanshuro.

Kuva mu 1960 kugeza mu 1965, RDC yabaye isibaniro ry’intambara nyinshi ndetse zagiye zigirwamo uruhare n’abacanshuro, barimo abamenyekanye cyane nka Thomas Michael Hoare.

Mu 1961 hamwe n’itsinda rye ryitwaga “4 commandos”, yarwanye ku ruhande rwa Moïse Tshombe bashaka ukwigenga kwa Katanga mu nyungu z’Ababiligi.

Mu 1964, yasubiye muri Congo mu ntambara ku ruhande rwa Tshombe, ajyanywe no kuyobora ingabo, ari kumwe n’abarwanyi basaga 300 bavuye muri Afurika y’Epfo, mu mutwe bise ‘Wild Geese’.

Nanone i Kisangani, abarwanyi bayobowe na Pierre Mulele bitwaga ‘Simba’, bari bashimuse abantu 1600 barimo Abanyaburayi bakoraga iyogezabutumwa.

Afatanyije n’abasirikare b’Ababiligi, abapilote bo muri Cuba n’abacanshuro bari bahawe akazi na CIA, Thomas Michael Hoare yatsinze aba Simbas ba Pierre Mulele i Kisangani.

Icyo gitero cyaje guhabwa izina rya Opération Dragon Rouge.

Mu mvugo ze zitandukanye, yakunze kuvuga ko ushobora gutsinda intambara kandi wifashishije abaririmbyi bo muri korali.

Nanone, ku wa 7 Nyakanga 1967, Umujyi wa Bukavu waje kwigarurirwa n‘umucanshuro w’Umubiligi, Jean Schramme, wari uyoboye bagenzi be 120 n’abandi barwanyi 2500 bo muri Katanga, atangaza ko kuva ubwo ako gace kigenga nka État des Volontaires Étrangers (EVE).

Schramme yatangaje ko intego ye ari uguhirika ubutegetsi bwa Marechal Mobutu, agahorera urupfu rwa Lumumba hamwe na Pierre Mulele. Byamaze amezi ane gusa, yari atsinzwe.

Si abo gusa. Umucanshuro w’Umufaransa, Bob Denard, yagaragaye muri RDC mu 1961, agiye kwitabira kudeta Tshombe yashakaga gukorera Joseph Désiré Mobutu.

Yahagarutse mu 1964 hamwe n’abacanshuro bo mu Burayi no muri Katanga, kuri iyi nshuro barwana ku ruhande rwa Guverinoma ya Mobutu mbere yarwanyaga.

Benshi bibuka uburyo Che Guevara yageze muri Congo avuye iwabo muri Argentine, byitwa ko ashaka kwagura impiduramatwara.

Uretse mu myaka yo hambere, ubutegetsi bwa Joseph Kabila bw’ejo bundi nabwo ntibwasigaye.

Muri Kamena 2011, yaje kwisunga Umutwe ushinzwe Umutekano w’Abanyamerika, DynCorp. Uyu mutwe uzwi ho kuba waratanze abacanshuro bo kujya kurwana mu bihugu bya Irak na Afghanistan.

Iki gihugu mugukoresha aba bacanshuro kihatakariza amafaranga atagira ingano kuko nka Kabila yabishyuye miliyoni 17$, kugira ngo batoze FARDC.

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